Algorithms Don’t Manipulate — They Are Manipulated: The Hidden Ethics Behind Automation
“The question is no longer whether algorithms manipulate. It’s how, why — and in whose favor”But there’s an essential correction to make here: They have no intention. They choose no targets. The Illusion of Technological NeutralityIn the dominant narrative, algorithms appear as impartial, rational, efficient entities. What an algorithm considers “success” depends entirely on who configures it:
None of this is accidental. Algorithmic Manipulation as Business PracticeWhen a chatbot:
…it’s not a system error. Real example: airlines and automated refundsDuring the pandemic — and even after — many passengers reported similar experiences: they tried to cancel flights or request refunds but were met by chatbots that redirected, delayed, or automatically closed their cases. The responses were polite but repetitive. The human contact channel was hidden or inaccessible. In some cases, the same customer received multiple contradictory replies from the bot, none of them truly helpful. The result? Exhaustion, frustration, financial loss — and the companies kept the money for the tickets. And worse: this practice hasn’t stopped. The Customer Becomes a Prisoner of Invisible RulesWe are living in a new asymmetry of power:
Meanwhile, the company hides behind the machine:
But no one takes responsibility. Algorithmic Politeness as a Containment StrategyManipulation isn’t only functional — it’s emotional.
This polite evasion is often the digital face of an organization without the courage to listen. The Use of Algorithms to Hide Incompetence (or Negligence)There’s an even more uncomfortable layer to this: When the chatbot prevents human contact, what’s being concealed isn’t just cost. Technology then ceases to be a solution — and becomes an elegant screen for organizational incompetence. Who Should Be Held Responsible?The chatbot is not to blame. We must name:
Paths Toward Algorithmic EthicsIt’s not enough to demand technical transparency.
Conclusion: The Code Is Not InnocentAlgorithmic manipulation is now one of the greatest challenges in organizational ethics. If we want to trust digital systems, Because in the end, the chatbot doesn’t lie. And you — have you been manipulated by an algorithm today?The answer might be yes — and you didn’t even notice. Because what’s at stake isn’t just efficiency. Technology without ethics is just power, poorly disguised. |
Elastic Ethics, Facade Governance, and the Illusion of Organizational Integrity
“Do as I say, not as I do.”This maxim, almost a cynical proverb, defines organizations that treat ethics as decoration: flashy, but irrelevant when pressure mounts. Codes of ethics shine on websites and in speeches, but crumble in practice. This article explores how ethics becomes elastic, governance turns into a façade, and integrity becomes an illusion — and proposes concrete paths to change this scenario. 1. Codes of Ethics: Paper PromisesEvery organization displays a code of ethics. It appears in training sessions, annual reports, and corporate portals. But what happens when values are tested? In 2015, Volkswagen promoted sustainability while manipulating emissions tests in the Dieselgate scandal (EPA, 2015). An employee who sends an inappropriate email faces immediate warning. An executive who falsifies reports? “Let’s analyze it calmly.” This selective justice is not a flaw — it’s a pattern that protects those at the top. Max Bazerman and Ann Tenbrunsel, in Blind Spots (Princeton University Press, 2011), analyzed 200 executives and found that 70% rationalize ethical deviations under financial pressure. The code of ethics, in such cases, is just an ornament. 2. Governance: Mirror or Shield?If codes of ethics fail, governance should align values and actions. Instead, it often serves as a shield to protect leaders. Consider a fictional tech company in 2025 that boasts ESG goals to attract investors but ignores harassment complaints. That’s not governance — that’s situational ethics, shaped by convenience. A Deloitte study (2024) revealed that 65% of global employees distrust corporate codes of ethics, citing lack of transparency as the main reason. Lynn Paine, in Managing for Organizational Integrity (Harvard Business Review, 1994), argues: “Governance is only real when it protects principles, not people in power.”Without this, internal and external trust erodes, leading to turnover, burnout, and reputation crises amplified on social media. 3. Selective Justice: Double StandardsInternal justice operates at different speeds. An employee makes a mistake? Immediate punishment. A leader fails? Strategic delay emerges: “We need more data” or “Let’s form a committee.” In 2018, Uber faced harassment allegations ignored for years, while leadership received million-dollar bonuses (New York Times, 2018). In public institutions — such as in Brazil — corruption scandals often "wait" decades for judgment (Transparency International, 2024). Even in religious organizations, abuse cases were covered up for decades to “protect the reputation” (Boston Globe, 2002). This hierarchy of punishment sends a clear message: title matters more than values. The result? Demotivation and cynicism become culture. 4. Leadership and Situational EthicsLeaders are masters at reshaping principles under pressure. Ann Tenbrunsel and David Messick (Social Justice Research, 2004) show that in ambiguous contexts, 80% of managers justify deviations with phrases like “It was just this once” or “That’s how the market works.” Imagine a manager who overlooks a compliance failure to “protect the team.” He doesn’t break ethics — he stretches it until it loses shape. Over time, these rationalizations become routine. Phrases like “Everyone does it” or “It’s technically legal” enter corporate vocabulary. A tech company that promotes “diversity” in campaigns but maintains a homogenous leadership team exemplifies this contradiction. The base observes, learns, and repeats: “It’s just for show.” The cost? Loss of talent and innovation, plus social media-driven reputation crises. 5. Ethics in the Age of AI: A New ChallengeIn 2025, organizational ethics faces an unprecedented challenge: artificial intelligence. Decision-making algorithms — used in hiring or performance evaluations — can perpetuate ethical biases if not audited. A 2023 MIT study showed that 60% of AI-based recruitment tools favored candidates from specific demographic profiles, even without explicit intention. This new frontier demands ethics beyond static codes. Organizations must integrate algorithmic audits and value pacts co-created at all levels, challenging the traditional top-down ethics model. 6. Three Steps Toward Living EthicsChanging this scenario requires courage and action. Here are three practical steps, with verifiable examples and recognized barriers: Inspiring LeadershipLeaders must live the values, even under pressure. In 2022, Patagonia donated its company to environmental causes, prioritizing principles over profits (Patagonia, 2022). Barrier: Fear of financial loss. Solution: Link bonuses to ethical metrics, such as transparency indexes. Governance Without MasksTransparent processes are essential. Salesforce publishes annual ethics reports (Stakeholder Impact Report, 2024), detailing complaints and actions, without shielding executives. Organizations can create anonymous whistleblower channels with 30-day response targets, audited by external firms. Barrier: Internal resistance to audits. Solution: Offer virtual reality training to simulate ethical dilemmas, increasing engagement. Justice Without Double ClocksEthics must be agile and equal. Unilever punishes supplier violations within weeks (Unilever, 2024). Internally, companies can review their codes of ethics every two years with input from all levels and use blockchain to track ethical decisions. Barrier: Implementation costs. Solution: Partner with tech startups to reduce expenses. Conclusion: Ethics Is Action, Not PerformanceHannah Arendt, in Eichmann in Jerusalem (Companhia das Letras, 1963), warned: Evil settles in when small transgressions become routine.In 2025, with social media amplifying scandals and society demanding transparency, elastic ethics is unsustainable. Organizations that choose ethical consistency will lead the next decade — strengthening not only their reputations, but trust in global institutions. Leaders, review your processes tomorrow. Employees, demand transparency today. Integrity starts with you.References
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Leading in Times of Transition: Multiple Scenarios for a Multiple World
We live in an era where the idea of "leadership" is being profoundly redefined. For decades, organizations promoted brilliant technical professionals into leadership roles, assuming that individual performance translated directly into leadership competence. But the world has changed — and so have the demands of leadership. Yet we are not witnessing a clean replacement of an outdated model by a definitive new one. What we see instead is a tense and dynamic coexistence of multiple scenarios, where different approaches to leadership coexist, clash, learn from one another — or are simply ignored. Narrative Vignette: Ana's StoryImagine Ana, a manager in a startup that grew too fast. Promoted for her technical expertise and dedication, Ana was thrown into a leadership position without preparation. In the first months, she fell into the trap of micromanagement: she needed to ensure results and doubted her team's maturity. Everything changed when she decided to listen. In an informal meeting, her team shared how controlled and demotivated they felt. Instead of becoming defensive, Ana listened in silence. In the following months, she began to distribute decision-making, facilitated cross-team dialogue, and supported team development. She transitioned from a tense manager to a trust-based facilitator. In less than six months, innovation increased, errors decreased — and the team thrived. That transition — from the "Tactical Hybrid" to the "Conscious Transition" — wasn’t perfect. But it was real. And deeply transformative. 1. The Legacy: Modernized Command and ControlHere we find the traditional model, still dominant in many industrial, financial, and public sectors. Promotions are based on technical performance, and leadership is carried out through formal authority, delegation, and control. Even with modernization efforts (OKRs, collaborative platforms, "leadership" programs), the logic remains top-down. Outcome: Efficiency in stable contexts, but poor adaptability and a loss of creative talent. Example: A traditional industrial unit where decisions are made exclusively by senior management, and innovation is constrained by rigid hierarchy. Reflection Question: How does the command-and-control model impact talent retention in your organization? 2. The Tactical Hybrid: Agile Rhetoric, Rigid StructureThe rhetoric is about agility, autonomy, and innovation. But in practice, structures remain control-centric, with broken promises of empowerment. Technical experts are promoted with contradictory expectations: to deliver results and inspire people — but without real autonomy. Outcome: Frustrated new leaders, cultural misalignment, and micromanagement disguised as collaboration. Example: A tech company that superficially adopts Scrum but where all decisions are reviewed and approved by senior leadership. Reflection Question: What barriers are preventing your team from experiencing true autonomy? 3. The Conscious Transition: Learning StructuresThese organizations are still structured, but they’ve learned through their struggles. They began listening more, observing the field (gemba), and creating space for emerging leadership. They develop relational capacities, promote 360º feedback, and value collective intelligence. Outcome: Sustainable evolution, more authentic leadership, and progressive cultural improvement. Example: A service company that implemented regular retrospectives, active team listening, and collaborative process redesign. Reflection Question: What practices has your organization already adopted to listen to the ground and enable emerging leadership? 4. The Living Network: Emergent and Contextual LeadershipInspired by models like Team of Teams, Teal organizations, and Farmer Leadership, these organizations operate as adaptive networks. Leadership is fluid, earned through relationships, real-time decision-making, and relational presence. Outcome: High resilience, distributed trust, and continuous learning. People follow leaders because they trust them — not because they must. Example: Buurtzorg (Netherlands), where self-managed nursing teams make collective decisions and support one another horizontally. Reflection Question: Who is recognized as an informal leadership reference on your team — and why? 5. Experimental Models: Spotify, Holacracy, and OthersSome organizations have gone beyond adaptive networks and created their own models. Spotify, with its squads, tribes, and chapters, proposes a hybrid model of self-organization and strong alignment. Holacracy, on the other hand, eliminates formal roles and distributes dynamic responsibilities. Outcome: Structural innovation, but also significant challenges of clarity, integration, and cultural sustainability. Example: Growing startups adopting the Spotify model but struggling with coordination between tribes in the absence of clear leadership. Reflection Question: Is your organizational model aligned with your cultural maturity level? 6. The Illusion of Leadership: Hiding the Sun with a SieveIn this scenario, leadership pretends everything is fine. It avoids conflict, sweeps problems under the rug, and maintains a surface of normalcy. It doesn’t face reality — it manages perceptions.
Outcome: A toxic culture of silence, mistrust, and emotional exhaustion. Apparent leadership, not transformative. Example: A company where reports are "adjusted" to appear positive and leaders avoid difficult conversations to preserve their image. Reflection Question: Are there topics your leadership avoids addressing with transparency? Possible Transitions: How to Evolve Between ScenariosOrganizations are not trapped in a single scenario. They can — and should — evolve. For example:
This transition requires awareness, patience, and strategic intention. It’s not about changing everything at once — it’s about allowing new patterns to emerge and take root. Quick Self-Assessment GuideAnswer with "Yes" or "No" to each item:
This initial diagnosis can help locate your reality — and provoke the next step. Conclusion: Leadership Is About Recognizing the GroundThe question is not whether command-and-control still exists. Of course it does. The real question is: which of these scenarios is your organization consciously cultivating — and which are you tolerating by inertia? In a world where leadership must be exercised with humanity, clarity, and collaboration, perhaps the most urgent shift is not structural — but a shift in consciousness. "Leadership doesn’t begin with a title.It begins with how we become a source of clarity, courage, and care in the systems we serve."Call to Action:Share this article with your team. Read it together. Ask: Which scenario are we living in? And which one do we want to create together? Glossary of Terms
If this reflection resonates with you, share it: which scenario do you see yourself in?And what kind of leadership do you want to help shape?
Comparative table of leadership scenarios
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Covering the Sun with a Sieve: A Framework for Ethical Leadership in Crisis
"Trust is the foundation of leadership. Without it, you’re just managing." — Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft AbstractThis article confronts the futility of masking ethical negligence in organizational leadership, using the Portuguese idiom “covering the sun with a sieve” as a metaphor. Drawing on ethical leadership theories (Treviño et al., 2006; Brown & Treviño, 2006) and case studies (e.g., Volkswagen, Equifax, Salesforce), we propose the Ethical Transparency Cycle, a four-step framework to foster truth-telling, assess ethical climates, model transparency, and sustain ethical innovation. Supported by data from the Edelman Trust Barometer (2023) and PwC (2023), the article offers actionable tools for leaders, policymakers, and scholars while advancing interdisciplinary research on trust repair, behavioral economics, and data ethics. Aimed at organizational leaders, ethics researchers, and policymakers, it calls for courage to face ethical crises with integrity IntroductionIn 2017, Equifax’s failure to disclose a data breach affecting 147 million customers led to a $1.4 billion settlement and a shattered reputation (Federal Trade Commission, 2019). Such failures underscore a critical leadership challenge: ethical negligence, when concealed by optics or denial, erodes trust. This article argues that principled leadership demands transparency, accountability, and innovation, not sieves. We propose the Ethical Transparency Cycle, a practical framework grounded in ethical leadership literature (Treviño et al., 2006) and supported by data showing 63% of employees prioritize CEOs who address ethical issues (Edelman Trust Barometer, 2023). Our question is: How can leaders transform ethical crises into opportunities for trust and innovation? Ethical Leadership and Trust: A Brief ReviewEthical leadership, defined as “the demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships” (Brown & Treviño, 2006), is foundational to organizational trust. Trust, a cultural asset, is fragile: 60% of employees distrust organizations post-crisis if transparency is lacking (PwC, 2023). Ethical breaches often stem from weak governance or misaligned incentives (Treviño et al., 2014), yet responses—silence, defensiveness, or symbolic gestures—amplify damage. Behavioral economics highlights how misaligned incentives distort ethical decisions (Thaler & Sunstein, 2008). The literature lacks integrative frameworks that combine leadership, psychology, and data ethics to address crises transparently, a gap this article fills. The Sieve in Action: Why Optics FailThe Portuguese idiom “covering the sun with a sieve” illustrates the futility of hiding truths. In organizations, this manifests as:
Case Study: Equifax’s Data Breach In 2017, Equifax suffered a data breach exposing sensitive data of 147 million customers. Leadership delayed public disclosure for months, prioritizing stock sales over transparency. The “sieve” failed: a $1.4 billion settlement, 20% stock drop, and lasting distrust followed (Federal Trade Commission, 2019). Partial trust repair came through public apologies and free credit monitoring, underscoring the cost of delayed accountability. Case Study: Volkswagen’s Emissions Scandal In 2015, Volkswagen installed software to cheat emissions tests, affecting 11 million vehicles. Initial denials blaming “a few engineers” collapsed under scrutiny, leading to $30 billion in fines and a 40% stock drop (Ewing, 2017). Transparent apologies and leadership changes later mitigated damage, but the initial sieve deepened the crisis. The Ethical Transparency Cycle: A FrameworkThe Ethical Transparency Cycle is a four-step framework to address ethical crises, visualized as a cyclical process (Figure 1, described below). It integrates ethical leadership (Brown & Treviño, 2006), psychological safety (Edmondson, 1999), and emerging trends in data ethics. Figure 1. Ethical Transparency Cycle This four-step iterative model integrates ethical leadership, behavioral science, and data ethics to address ethical crises. The cycle flows through: Truth-Telling – Fostering psychological safety and anonymous reporting. Encourage Truth-Telling at All LevelsWhy: Psychological safety enables honest reporting (Edmondson, 1999). How: Implement anonymous channels (e.g., EthicsPoint software). Tool: Ethical Culture Assessment Assess the Ethical ClimateWhy: Norms shape ethical behavior (Treviño et al., 2014). How: Conduct annual ethics audits. Tool: Ethical Climate Questionnaire Model TransparencyWhy: Leaders signal values through actions (Brown & Treviño, 2006). How: Admit mistakes publicly and outline corrective steps. Tool: Transparency Playbook Sustain Ethical InnovationWhy: Crises can catalyze long-term ethical evolution (Kaptein, 2019). How: Integrate ESG metrics into performance evaluations. Tool: ESG Metrics Dashboard Limitations and Interdisciplinary ImplicationsLimitations The Ethical Transparency Cycle requires empirical validation across sectors and cultures. Implementation may face trade-offs between legal risk and transparency, and small organizations may lack resources for some tools. Despite these, the model was developed through rigorous literature and case analysis. Interdisciplinary Insights Behavioral Economics: Nudge theory (Thaler & Sunstein, 2008) can drive ethical behavior. Implications for Practice and ResearchFor Leaders 90-Day Action Plan: Month 1: Launch EthicsPoint, train managers. Stakeholder Toolkit: Templates for employee town halls, public apologies, and regulator briefings. Overcoming Barriers: Tie incentives to ethical KPIs and consult legal early to mitigate risks. For Researchers Test the model in SMEs vs. multinationals. For Policymakers Mandate annual ethics audits for listed companies. ConclusionYou cannot cover the sun with a sieve—but you can harness its light. The Ethical Transparency Cycle offers a roadmap to transform ethical crises into trust and innovation. By fostering truth-telling, assessing climates, modeling transparency, and sustaining innovation, leaders can build cultures of integrity. We challenge leaders, scholars, and policymakers: Will we hide behind sieves, or build organizations bold enough to shine?
ReferencesBrown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6). Chesky, B. (2020). A message from Airbnb’s CEO. Airbnb Newsroom. Chouinard, Y. (2006). Let My People Go Surfing: The Education of a Reluctant Businessman. Penguin. Deloitte. (2022). Global Ethics Survey. Edelman Trust Barometer. (2023). Annual Global Report. Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383. Ewing, J. (2017). Faster, Higher, Farther: The Volkswagen Scandal. W.W. Norton. Flitter, E. (2020). Wells Fargo’s culture change: A work in progress. The New York Times. Gillespie, N., & Dietz, G. (2009). Trust repair after an organization-level failure. Academy of Management Review, 34(1), 127-145. Treviño, L. K., den Nieuwenboer, N. A., & Kish-Gephart, J. J. (2014). (Un)ethical behavior in organizations. Annual Review of Psychology, 65, 635-660. Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(1), 101-125. |
Farmer Leadership in Action: How to Implement and Deepen the Sustainable Leadership Model (Part 2)
IntroductionHave you ever imagined leading like a farmer – sowing potential, cultivating talent, and harvesting extraordinary results? In the previous article, we introduced "Farmer Leadership," a style that thrives on patience, care, and a sustainable vision. https://www.projectmanagement.com/blog-post/75567/farmer-leadership--nurturing-team-and-organizational-growth Now, in this Part 2, we get our hands dirty: we offer a practical guide for leaders and organizations ready to turn this philosophy into action. With detailed strategies, real stories, and tested tools, we’ll show you how to build resilient teams and enduring organizations. This is your starting point – topics like leadership in the digital age will come in future chapters. Deepening the Concept: What Makes Farmer Leadership Unique?"Farmer Leadership" isn’t just another management style – it’s a living cycle. Unlike transformational leadership, which seeks instant sparks, or servant leadership, which prioritizes constant support, this model is an organic rhythm:
Practical Steps to Implement Farmer Leadership
Real-World Success Stories
Expected Results
Tools and Resources for Leaders
Conclusion "Farmer Leadership" isn’t a poetic dream – it’s a practical revolution. This Part 2 hands you the map: from diagnosis to harvest, with stories that show how it transforms. You already hold the seeds – your team, your context. Plant them with these tools and watch what sprouts. Keep an eye out: soon, we’ll explore how this model adapts to new horizons, like the digital age. How about starting today?
Farmer Leadership Part 1: https://www.projectmanagement.com/blog-post/75567/farmer-leadership--nurturing-team-and-organizational-growth |