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Extending Domain Knowledge

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George Freeman Thought Leader | Author | Architect| Florida, United States
What techniques have you used to:

- Increase knowledge in a domain wherein you are already engaged.
- Gain knowledge in a domain wherein you have no experience.

The question of domain knowledge comes up frequently on PMC. Since this is the time of year where we often set goals, I thought it would be helpful for us to share the techniques we have personally used or witnessed that extend our domain knowledge per the question above. Please do not be generalized or theoretical in your response.
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Sergio Luis Conte Helping to create solutions for everyone| Worldwide based Organizations Buenos Aires, Argentina
Dec 17, 2019 7:45 PM
Replying to George Freeman
...
Hi Sergio, thank you for the link!

I’m in full agreement that a PM should/must not be a subject matter expert. However, I view the “line in the sand” like this, “A PM should/must not perform in the role of a SME.” It’s inevitable that a PM who is Talent Triangle focused and who practices in specific domains, will eventually be viewed as a subject matter expert in those domains over time.

So, as long as a PM does not perform in the role of a SME, we are safe from the accountability issues that could occur if the line was crossed. In my opinion, we should encourage PM’s to seek extended domain knowledge, but also make sure they understand where the line is, in the sand.
You are welcome. The Talent Triangle is not about to be a SME. The only domain a PM must be a SME is in project management field. The problem is not the Talent Triangle. The problem is some organizations, thanks God less year to year, are searching for somebody that perform the role of PM plus the role of technical people to perform activities inside the project. That´s is a classic in domains like software field. I am not agains that. I have faced this lot of times including today. But if we want to hierarchising the role then is neede to stablish the line. No matter that, myself and lot of others take the opportunity to work in multiple domains along the years. For me, it has no sense to debate this type of things. PMs live the same when they are assigned to an initiative inside the organization they are working for. Think about it. Are you the SME in the business function the initiative try to automatize, for example? Of course not, perhaps in one opportunity but not in others. Then, is the same. What people forget is one organization has multiple business defined into it then each business is a new domain.
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1 reply by George Freeman
Dec 18, 2019 8:07 AM
George Freeman
...
The Talent Triangle uses the phrasing “strategic and business management expertise” to describe that which PM’s should seek after (along with the other two legs of the Triangle) if they wish to remain relevant and competitive in the marketplace.

I agree that the Triangle is not asking PM’s to become SME’s. My point is two-fold, [1] that the “line in the sand” on the accountability concern is that a PM should not “perform” in the role of a subject matter expert on their projects, and [2], that a PM who seeks after “strategic and business management expertise” is likely (over time) to become an expert in domains that they specialize in.

That said, do you believe that a PM can appropriately manage a project wherein they are recognized as a domain expert – as long as they do not perform in the role of SME, or is this an absolute conflict of interests?
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Kiron Bondale Retired | Mentor| Retired Welland, Ontario, Canada
Dec 17, 2019 8:07 PM
Replying to George Freeman
...
Kiron, over the last year and a half, your written wisdom has provided me a form of virtual mentorship – thank you!
Thank you George - I appreciate the kind feedback!
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George Freeman Thought Leader | Author | Architect| Florida, United States
Dec 18, 2019 6:10 AM
Replying to Sergio Luis Conte
...
You are welcome. The Talent Triangle is not about to be a SME. The only domain a PM must be a SME is in project management field. The problem is not the Talent Triangle. The problem is some organizations, thanks God less year to year, are searching for somebody that perform the role of PM plus the role of technical people to perform activities inside the project. That´s is a classic in domains like software field. I am not agains that. I have faced this lot of times including today. But if we want to hierarchising the role then is neede to stablish the line. No matter that, myself and lot of others take the opportunity to work in multiple domains along the years. For me, it has no sense to debate this type of things. PMs live the same when they are assigned to an initiative inside the organization they are working for. Think about it. Are you the SME in the business function the initiative try to automatize, for example? Of course not, perhaps in one opportunity but not in others. Then, is the same. What people forget is one organization has multiple business defined into it then each business is a new domain.
The Talent Triangle uses the phrasing “strategic and business management expertise” to describe that which PM’s should seek after (along with the other two legs of the Triangle) if they wish to remain relevant and competitive in the marketplace.

I agree that the Triangle is not asking PM’s to become SME’s. My point is two-fold, [1] that the “line in the sand” on the accountability concern is that a PM should not “perform” in the role of a subject matter expert on their projects, and [2], that a PM who seeks after “strategic and business management expertise” is likely (over time) to become an expert in domains that they specialize in.

That said, do you believe that a PM can appropriately manage a project wherein they are recognized as a domain expert – as long as they do not perform in the role of SME, or is this an absolute conflict of interests?
...
2 replies by Sergio Luis Conte and Thomas Walenta
Dec 18, 2019 8:40 AM
Sergio Luis Conte
...
A PM MUST manage a project without being recognized as a domain expert execpt for project/program/portfolio management domain. If not you are falling into the leadership by expertisse model. If it is the model the organization need to follow for its initiatives no problem. But it has lot of pitfalls. I am saying that not only becuause my personal experience it is because other experience.
Dec 21, 2019 9:51 AM
Thomas Walenta
...
George,
to your question: yes, even if the project manager is a domain expert/subject matter expert, he/she should refrain from taking this role or even being regarded as such.

My professional life as project manager from 1988 was exactly this. I cut off any ties to my previous technical expertise and concentrated my efforts on managing and leading the projects, PMOs, programs. And I was able to do this in any domain that came along (government, insurance, investment banking, consumer sales, automotive etc). Not the skills make a difference, it is the attitude.

Micromanaging and wrong delegation leads definitely to distrust in the team and most likely burnout of the project manager.

Did the clients / sponsors accept this? Not in the beginning, but after they saw the results.
avatar
Sergio Luis Conte Helping to create solutions for everyone| Worldwide based Organizations Buenos Aires, Argentina
Dec 18, 2019 8:07 AM
Replying to George Freeman
...
The Talent Triangle uses the phrasing “strategic and business management expertise” to describe that which PM’s should seek after (along with the other two legs of the Triangle) if they wish to remain relevant and competitive in the marketplace.

I agree that the Triangle is not asking PM’s to become SME’s. My point is two-fold, [1] that the “line in the sand” on the accountability concern is that a PM should not “perform” in the role of a subject matter expert on their projects, and [2], that a PM who seeks after “strategic and business management expertise” is likely (over time) to become an expert in domains that they specialize in.

That said, do you believe that a PM can appropriately manage a project wherein they are recognized as a domain expert – as long as they do not perform in the role of SME, or is this an absolute conflict of interests?
A PM MUST manage a project without being recognized as a domain expert execpt for project/program/portfolio management domain. If not you are falling into the leadership by expertisse model. If it is the model the organization need to follow for its initiatives no problem. But it has lot of pitfalls. I am saying that not only becuause my personal experience it is because other experience.
avatar
Thomas Walenta Global Project Economy Expert Hackenheim, Germany
Dec 18, 2019 8:07 AM
Replying to George Freeman
...
The Talent Triangle uses the phrasing “strategic and business management expertise” to describe that which PM’s should seek after (along with the other two legs of the Triangle) if they wish to remain relevant and competitive in the marketplace.

I agree that the Triangle is not asking PM’s to become SME’s. My point is two-fold, [1] that the “line in the sand” on the accountability concern is that a PM should not “perform” in the role of a subject matter expert on their projects, and [2], that a PM who seeks after “strategic and business management expertise” is likely (over time) to become an expert in domains that they specialize in.

That said, do you believe that a PM can appropriately manage a project wherein they are recognized as a domain expert – as long as they do not perform in the role of SME, or is this an absolute conflict of interests?
George,
to your question: yes, even if the project manager is a domain expert/subject matter expert, he/she should refrain from taking this role or even being regarded as such.

My professional life as project manager from 1988 was exactly this. I cut off any ties to my previous technical expertise and concentrated my efforts on managing and leading the projects, PMOs, programs. And I was able to do this in any domain that came along (government, insurance, investment banking, consumer sales, automotive etc). Not the skills make a difference, it is the attitude.

Micromanaging and wrong delegation leads definitely to distrust in the team and most likely burnout of the project manager.

Did the clients / sponsors accept this? Not in the beginning, but after they saw the results.
avatar
Luis Branco CEO| Business Insight, Consultores de Gestão, Ldª Carcavelos, Lisboa, Portugal
Dec 17, 2019 7:46 PM
Replying to George Freeman
...
That was well stated Luis, thank you!
Dear George
Thanks for your feedback
avatar
George Freeman Thought Leader | Author | Architect| Florida, United States
@Thomas and @Sergio,

I greatly respect both of your thoughts on this subject, and I agree with them (as stated above) in the context of “a PM should not perform in the role of a Subject Matter Expert on a project they are managing.” However, both of you are casting a much wider context to this concern that I can’t logically or practically resolve, meaning that I would not feel comfortable espousing the breadth of your statement/principle to others, at least, as stated.

If I accept the scale of your principle, then it portrays to me that I must recuse myself from any opportunity wherein others (meaning project team members or stakeholders) would consider me an expert in the domain of operation – this would be a “bitter pill” to accept. I sincerely want to reconcile your statements as it challenges some of my foundational principles in the areas of architectural awareness and emotional intelligence. With that said, please consider the following implications that have crossed my mind – this principle:

- Logically implies that a PM should “cease their consumption of domain knowledge” at the point where others could consider them an expert. This runs paradoxically to the pursuit principles of the Talent Triangle and would not be stated explicitly as it would contradict developmental practices we espouse.

- States that a PM is not capable of regulating their actions. For instance, because I’m recognized as an expert, I will inevitably resign my principles and “get into the weeds” or “micromanage” thereby creating a conflict of interest or an accountability concern that adds unforeseen risk to the project.

- Conflicts with the natural progression of a project manager who has been employed in a large enterprise for a substantial “period of time” and who cannot help but become recognized as an expert for the simple fact that they have successfully delivered multiple projects in a given domain.

- Conflicts with a PM who has chosen a “portfolio career,” where acting as a subject matter expert is the value proposition and the goal. This type of PM based career can be consultancy based or an employed position within a large enterprise.

The establishment of the “Talent Triangle” to me was a wake-up call to our profession that some of our mindsets needed to change if we expected to remain competitive and relevant as a profession. I recognize that the pursuit of domain knowledge (under the triangle) isn’t purposed to make you an expert, but this pursuit over time is likely to have you recognized as an expert (whether you want it to or not). With this being a likely fact, doesn’t it necessitate an adjustment in the principle you stated?

I look forward to your responses and those of other experts.
...
2 replies by Sergio Luis Conte and Thomas Walenta
Dec 21, 2019 1:10 PM
Sergio Luis Conte
...
My answer is this: is has no value, it has no sense for me to continue discussing this if somebody say that a project manager must be a subject matter expert in domains beyond program/project/portfolio management. Because this way of thinking about the PM must be a SME the PM role is not hierarchising and you can see form example, some ERP implementations where functional managers are assigned as PM with the consecuences you can reasearch outside there. As I mentioned, is the same when you are working inside an organization and you are assigned to an initiative that will cover a business unit where you are not a subject matter expert. Is do not mean the PM must not take knowtedge. In fact the PMI has published articles on the matter written by me. On the other side, I am really exhausted to read people talking about mindset without debating it from a scientific perspective. Mindset is the new buzword lot of people is using trying to sell the magic pill to organizations to implement things like Agile (other buzzword). Perhaps, it is for my background. And because I am researching from scientific perspective about that from years.
Dec 21, 2019 1:37 PM
Thomas Walenta
...
Hi George, my motto is to offer perspectives. I understand your view is shared by maybe 80% of project managers, and they work and grow in one or two domains in their career. I respect that.

I was lucky to be able to adapt to new domains with every engagement in my career. It is humbling. Besides Sergio, I know several people who share my view.

To your arguments
- cease consumption of domain knowledge
not necessarily, when I was on an engagement I tried to learn as much as I could, but when I left a domain, I indeed ceased to learn more. Decisiveness is needed there.

- PM not capable to control actions.
The opposite is true for me. By ceasing to care about the domain of my last project, I focus on the things laying ahead. Self-control needed.

- contradicts career in large organizations.
That‘s mainly true, because most large organizations do not understand the value of PM. I was lucky to work at IBM where a PM career path was established in the 90‘s and utilized in the services and outsourcing units.
PMI needs to step up here to influence the acknowledgment of project management in society, government and business. On it’s way.

- portfolio career focused on being a SME
Well, my portfolio career was based on the PM expertise, I ran projects, PMOs, programs, portfolios - now I move into transformation, strategy and governance. Enough choices to make, in 10 years we will be one third more PMs, says PMI. Careers will go away over time, some 40% of white collar are already gig workers. Individual branding and professional identity is needed. And Ethics.

Most domains will change dramatically in the next 10-20 years, PM will become more important. Cross-domain. The reason is that PMs offer a safe future. To anyone. Anywhere. As long as humans are anxious.
avatar
Sergio Luis Conte Helping to create solutions for everyone| Worldwide based Organizations Buenos Aires, Argentina
Dec 21, 2019 12:32 PM
Replying to George Freeman
...
@Thomas and @Sergio,

I greatly respect both of your thoughts on this subject, and I agree with them (as stated above) in the context of “a PM should not perform in the role of a Subject Matter Expert on a project they are managing.” However, both of you are casting a much wider context to this concern that I can’t logically or practically resolve, meaning that I would not feel comfortable espousing the breadth of your statement/principle to others, at least, as stated.

If I accept the scale of your principle, then it portrays to me that I must recuse myself from any opportunity wherein others (meaning project team members or stakeholders) would consider me an expert in the domain of operation – this would be a “bitter pill” to accept. I sincerely want to reconcile your statements as it challenges some of my foundational principles in the areas of architectural awareness and emotional intelligence. With that said, please consider the following implications that have crossed my mind – this principle:

- Logically implies that a PM should “cease their consumption of domain knowledge” at the point where others could consider them an expert. This runs paradoxically to the pursuit principles of the Talent Triangle and would not be stated explicitly as it would contradict developmental practices we espouse.

- States that a PM is not capable of regulating their actions. For instance, because I’m recognized as an expert, I will inevitably resign my principles and “get into the weeds” or “micromanage” thereby creating a conflict of interest or an accountability concern that adds unforeseen risk to the project.

- Conflicts with the natural progression of a project manager who has been employed in a large enterprise for a substantial “period of time” and who cannot help but become recognized as an expert for the simple fact that they have successfully delivered multiple projects in a given domain.

- Conflicts with a PM who has chosen a “portfolio career,” where acting as a subject matter expert is the value proposition and the goal. This type of PM based career can be consultancy based or an employed position within a large enterprise.

The establishment of the “Talent Triangle” to me was a wake-up call to our profession that some of our mindsets needed to change if we expected to remain competitive and relevant as a profession. I recognize that the pursuit of domain knowledge (under the triangle) isn’t purposed to make you an expert, but this pursuit over time is likely to have you recognized as an expert (whether you want it to or not). With this being a likely fact, doesn’t it necessitate an adjustment in the principle you stated?

I look forward to your responses and those of other experts.
My answer is this: is has no value, it has no sense for me to continue discussing this if somebody say that a project manager must be a subject matter expert in domains beyond program/project/portfolio management. Because this way of thinking about the PM must be a SME the PM role is not hierarchising and you can see form example, some ERP implementations where functional managers are assigned as PM with the consecuences you can reasearch outside there. As I mentioned, is the same when you are working inside an organization and you are assigned to an initiative that will cover a business unit where you are not a subject matter expert. Is do not mean the PM must not take knowtedge. In fact the PMI has published articles on the matter written by me. On the other side, I am really exhausted to read people talking about mindset without debating it from a scientific perspective. Mindset is the new buzword lot of people is using trying to sell the magic pill to organizations to implement things like Agile (other buzzword). Perhaps, it is for my background. And because I am researching from scientific perspective about that from years.
avatar
Thomas Walenta Global Project Economy Expert Hackenheim, Germany
Dec 21, 2019 12:32 PM
Replying to George Freeman
...
@Thomas and @Sergio,

I greatly respect both of your thoughts on this subject, and I agree with them (as stated above) in the context of “a PM should not perform in the role of a Subject Matter Expert on a project they are managing.” However, both of you are casting a much wider context to this concern that I can’t logically or practically resolve, meaning that I would not feel comfortable espousing the breadth of your statement/principle to others, at least, as stated.

If I accept the scale of your principle, then it portrays to me that I must recuse myself from any opportunity wherein others (meaning project team members or stakeholders) would consider me an expert in the domain of operation – this would be a “bitter pill” to accept. I sincerely want to reconcile your statements as it challenges some of my foundational principles in the areas of architectural awareness and emotional intelligence. With that said, please consider the following implications that have crossed my mind – this principle:

- Logically implies that a PM should “cease their consumption of domain knowledge” at the point where others could consider them an expert. This runs paradoxically to the pursuit principles of the Talent Triangle and would not be stated explicitly as it would contradict developmental practices we espouse.

- States that a PM is not capable of regulating their actions. For instance, because I’m recognized as an expert, I will inevitably resign my principles and “get into the weeds” or “micromanage” thereby creating a conflict of interest or an accountability concern that adds unforeseen risk to the project.

- Conflicts with the natural progression of a project manager who has been employed in a large enterprise for a substantial “period of time” and who cannot help but become recognized as an expert for the simple fact that they have successfully delivered multiple projects in a given domain.

- Conflicts with a PM who has chosen a “portfolio career,” where acting as a subject matter expert is the value proposition and the goal. This type of PM based career can be consultancy based or an employed position within a large enterprise.

The establishment of the “Talent Triangle” to me was a wake-up call to our profession that some of our mindsets needed to change if we expected to remain competitive and relevant as a profession. I recognize that the pursuit of domain knowledge (under the triangle) isn’t purposed to make you an expert, but this pursuit over time is likely to have you recognized as an expert (whether you want it to or not). With this being a likely fact, doesn’t it necessitate an adjustment in the principle you stated?

I look forward to your responses and those of other experts.
Hi George, my motto is to offer perspectives. I understand your view is shared by maybe 80% of project managers, and they work and grow in one or two domains in their career. I respect that.

I was lucky to be able to adapt to new domains with every engagement in my career. It is humbling. Besides Sergio, I know several people who share my view.

To your arguments
- cease consumption of domain knowledge
not necessarily, when I was on an engagement I tried to learn as much as I could, but when I left a domain, I indeed ceased to learn more. Decisiveness is needed there.

- PM not capable to control actions.
The opposite is true for me. By ceasing to care about the domain of my last project, I focus on the things laying ahead. Self-control needed.

- contradicts career in large organizations.
That‘s mainly true, because most large organizations do not understand the value of PM. I was lucky to work at IBM where a PM career path was established in the 90‘s and utilized in the services and outsourcing units.
PMI needs to step up here to influence the acknowledgment of project management in society, government and business. On it’s way.

- portfolio career focused on being a SME
Well, my portfolio career was based on the PM expertise, I ran projects, PMOs, programs, portfolios - now I move into transformation, strategy and governance. Enough choices to make, in 10 years we will be one third more PMs, says PMI. Careers will go away over time, some 40% of white collar are already gig workers. Individual branding and professional identity is needed. And Ethics.

Most domains will change dramatically in the next 10-20 years, PM will become more important. Cross-domain. The reason is that PMs offer a safe future. To anyone. Anywhere. As long as humans are anxious.
avatar
George Freeman Thought Leader | Author | Architect| Florida, United States
@Thomas and @Sergio,

Thank you both for your thoughtful replies!

@Sergio, I do NOT believe that a “project manager must be a subject matter expert in domains,” that has never been my belief or practice, nor was my points directed towards that vein of thought. My issue of concern is the statement that “A PM MUST manage a project without being recognized as a domain expert.” The word “must” is an absolute statement that could redirect “next-gen PM’s” from making the proper investment in domain knowledge, or at least confuse them regarding the PMI motivation to do such.

Who determines the level of knowledge wherein one is considered an expert, isn’t it arbitrary? The philosophy that you should NOT be an expert in a domain that you are managing is a strong valid position that works in many, if not most environments. Why can’t the philosophy that I portrayed, that we can manage projects wherein we are considered an expert as long as we do not perform as an expert (i.e., a SME), also be valid?

@Thomas and @Sergio, your career’s are a model for others to follow, and I would enjoy learning more about them and the retrospective lessons you have learned over the decades (I can say decades, as I’m on 39 years).

George
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2 replies by Sergio Luis Conte and Thomas Walenta
Dec 21, 2019 3:31 PM
Sergio Luis Conte
...
I do not think my career is a model for others to follow. I am saying this seriously and by heart. It's just what I liked it to be and today I am working to find new horizons. That´s what I did from the begining because
it bores me to remain working in environments that I know well or I feel they do not represent a challenge for me. The other point is I reinforce this: A PM MUST manage a project without being recognized as a domain expert except for project/program/portfolio domain. it does not mean I am against people that is PM and a SME in the domain or being that is a problem or something like that.
Dec 22, 2019 6:29 AM
Thomas Walenta
...
George

there is no absolute way to have a career. It is fine if you or others (80%) choose to be a PM within one domain.

For me, the choice was driven by the insight that PM is more a people business and that there are some principles that are true everywhere to make things happen and that I am lazy enough to not wanting me control everything.

The best PM is the one whose team did not recognize he was there.

And then, once I grappled these principles, I recognized that I could run any project and in particular the ones nobody has tried before.

It opened the world for me.
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