Can Programs include Operations? The PMBOK6 includes Operations in the definition of a Portfolio but not a Program. However, Figure 1-3 on pdf page 51 of PMBOK6 shows Operations under Programs and Portfolios...but the definition in Table 1-2 on pdf page 52 calls out Operations being under Portfolios but not Programs. Incidentally, the Velociteach PMO Exam How To Pass On Your First Try (5th Edition) material says Programs can include Operations. Saving Changes...
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Bryan CampbellAgile Transformation and Coaching| 7C's Consulting Inc.Tomball, Tx, United States
Program can contain operational activities although these are now described as
"Program related activities". The Program Management Standard 4th edition defines "Operational activities that are directly related to a program's components may be considered as other program related activities."
This reflects the fact that a Program is focused on delivering business value and often this business value cannot be realized without a project within the program becoming operational. An example might be an organization wide process improvement program. These operational activities can also be important for enabling or funding other projects within the Program.
To add to Bryan's feedback, a program might be made up of multiple projects completing at different times. The successful outcome of one project which might only be realized in its operational state might contribute to another component project, hence the inclusion of operations within program management.
The outcome of projects within the program is meant to serve the program. Many projects move from capex to opex stage while the program is still running multiple projects in parallel.
Oil and Gas is an excellent example, they execute the first phase and get it in operation to finance other phases to reduce CapEx impact. Saving Changes...
Sergio Luis ConteHelping to create solutions for everyone| Worldwide based OrganizationsBuenos Aires, Argentina
The PMBOK stated (and it could be notice in the practice) that if some activities inside the Operation impacts a program or portfolio then it could be considered part of the program or portfolio. Saving Changes...
