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Can Scrum be applied to non-technology projects?

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Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD Senior Project Manager| Infosys Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
For example services, business processes, construction, non-profit, education, anything non-tech and non-software related.

If you have experience with or knowledge of Scrum implementations in these domains, please share your experience with the community to further our collective knowledge.
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Lenka Pincot Chief of Staff to the CEO| Project Management Institute Paris, France
Apr 19, 2018 7:54 PM
Replying to Rami Kaibni
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I am talking about non-software projects too :-)
Ok, give me very specific example how you apply Scrum on Estimate part of the project
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2 replies by Rami Kaibni and Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
Apr 19, 2018 8:16 PM
Rami Kaibni
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I can't really give you a full example here because it will be lengthly. but for example Schedueling - Briefly, this is how you can apply scrum ( I am not sure if I will be able to convey the whole idea in a few lines):

You follow 6 Processes to develop a schedule (Each process is a sprint with a measurable outcome and next process builds on the previous one).

The 7th process is the control process which is inspection and adaption (For each of the other 6 processes and throughout the project - Because remember as long as the project is there, the product backlog is there):

- Determine the current status of the schedule against your estimates in that cycle.
- Use Reterospective for lessons learned and improvement.
- Reprioritize the remaining work in the backlog.
- You can do all your cereremonies from Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Review & Reterospective.

and so on ... You can apply this to any project really but you can't apply it to a full Construction Project for example.
Apr 19, 2018 8:40 PM
Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
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By using story points and other relative estimation techniques for example. Mike Cohn wrote a whole book on it. The issue is a product backlog would need to be created and everyone use the same estimation technique even if it's a non-tech project.

Very specific? A HR Manager wants to overhaul the training program within the organization. She has a bunch of training programs to offer, the departments and employees that need training, their priority for training, abd their indicative capacity over the next 6 months. She comes to you as the Agile or Scrum PM (assuming the project is authorized) to help break down the user stories and estimate the work. The time and budget is pretty much fixed, so after getting the requirements/user stories down, you create a release map, first couple of iteration details down, estimate the work using story points, begin the Sprints and track velocity to see if the high level estimates hold up.

Non-tech or rather non-software development related application for Scrum. Could be done in Agile and other frameworks also.

Do you have any examples (even hybrid) Lenka of applying Scrum to non-tech projects? It doesn't matter if it is hybrid, or only parts of the project are fully Scrum. The question wasn't about applying 100% Scrum 100% of the time :-)
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Rami Kaibni
Community Champion
Senior Projects Manager | Field & Marten Associates New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
Apr 19, 2018 8:02 PM
Replying to Lenka Pincot
...
Ok, give me very specific example how you apply Scrum on Estimate part of the project
I can't really give you a full example here because it will be lengthly. but for example Schedueling - Briefly, this is how you can apply scrum ( I am not sure if I will be able to convey the whole idea in a few lines):

You follow 6 Processes to develop a schedule (Each process is a sprint with a measurable outcome and next process builds on the previous one).

The 7th process is the control process which is inspection and adaption (For each of the other 6 processes and throughout the project - Because remember as long as the project is there, the product backlog is there):

- Determine the current status of the schedule against your estimates in that cycle.
- Use Reterospective for lessons learned and improvement.
- Reprioritize the remaining work in the backlog.
- You can do all your cereremonies from Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Review & Reterospective.

and so on ... You can apply this to any project really but you can't apply it to a full Construction Project for example.
avatar
Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD Senior Project Manager| Infosys Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Apr 19, 2018 8:02 PM
Replying to Lenka Pincot
...
Ok, give me very specific example how you apply Scrum on Estimate part of the project
By using story points and other relative estimation techniques for example. Mike Cohn wrote a whole book on it. The issue is a product backlog would need to be created and everyone use the same estimation technique even if it's a non-tech project.

Very specific? A HR Manager wants to overhaul the training program within the organization. She has a bunch of training programs to offer, the departments and employees that need training, their priority for training, abd their indicative capacity over the next 6 months. She comes to you as the Agile or Scrum PM (assuming the project is authorized) to help break down the user stories and estimate the work. The time and budget is pretty much fixed, so after getting the requirements/user stories down, you create a release map, first couple of iteration details down, estimate the work using story points, begin the Sprints and track velocity to see if the high level estimates hold up.

Non-tech or rather non-software development related application for Scrum. Could be done in Agile and other frameworks also.

Do you have any examples (even hybrid) Lenka of applying Scrum to non-tech projects? It doesn't matter if it is hybrid, or only parts of the project are fully Scrum. The question wasn't about applying 100% Scrum 100% of the time :-)
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1 reply by Lenka Pincot
Apr 19, 2018 8:55 PM
Lenka Pincot
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I’m working on a non profit project. We don’t have daily meetings but weekly because we dedicate one working day per week to the project so more frequent meetings don’t make any sense. We have backlogs, use Agile management software, prioritize, we are capable of doing our project and we are self organizing ourselves. We don’t use story points because we minimize any unnecessary task in the project and we don’t really need estimating. We are looking for ways how to engage our customer. So yes, there are Scrum elements in this.
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Lenka Pincot Chief of Staff to the CEO| Project Management Institute Paris, France
Apr 19, 2018 8:40 PM
Replying to Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
...
By using story points and other relative estimation techniques for example. Mike Cohn wrote a whole book on it. The issue is a product backlog would need to be created and everyone use the same estimation technique even if it's a non-tech project.

Very specific? A HR Manager wants to overhaul the training program within the organization. She has a bunch of training programs to offer, the departments and employees that need training, their priority for training, abd their indicative capacity over the next 6 months. She comes to you as the Agile or Scrum PM (assuming the project is authorized) to help break down the user stories and estimate the work. The time and budget is pretty much fixed, so after getting the requirements/user stories down, you create a release map, first couple of iteration details down, estimate the work using story points, begin the Sprints and track velocity to see if the high level estimates hold up.

Non-tech or rather non-software development related application for Scrum. Could be done in Agile and other frameworks also.

Do you have any examples (even hybrid) Lenka of applying Scrum to non-tech projects? It doesn't matter if it is hybrid, or only parts of the project are fully Scrum. The question wasn't about applying 100% Scrum 100% of the time :-)
I’m working on a non profit project. We don’t have daily meetings but weekly because we dedicate one working day per week to the project so more frequent meetings don’t make any sense. We have backlogs, use Agile management software, prioritize, we are capable of doing our project and we are self organizing ourselves. We don’t use story points because we minimize any unnecessary task in the project and we don’t really need estimating. We are looking for ways how to engage our customer. So yes, there are Scrum elements in this.
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2 replies by Rami Kaibni and Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
Apr 19, 2018 11:21 PM
Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
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Interesting Lenka, and thanks for your input. As a PMI-PBA placed in a non-profit organization, you would know better than I if Scrum could be used in other areas, or improved in existing areas. It's the adaptability of Scrum in non-tech domains that is interesting to me, and I would imagine to someone with BA expertise :-)
Apr 20, 2018 12:40 AM
Rami Kaibni
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This is interesting ... And yes, you are using so many elements of scrum.

I think we all agree, scrum can be used in any industry but not in its entirely and/or not with being tailored to suit the specific project / industry because if scrum is not flexible, then it definitely only applies to the IT sector while I honestly see lots of benefits in tailoring scrum and applying it to different industries like what you do for example: A weekly meeting instead of a daily one.
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Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD Senior Project Manager| Infosys Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Apr 19, 2018 8:55 PM
Replying to Lenka Pincot
...
I’m working on a non profit project. We don’t have daily meetings but weekly because we dedicate one working day per week to the project so more frequent meetings don’t make any sense. We have backlogs, use Agile management software, prioritize, we are capable of doing our project and we are self organizing ourselves. We don’t use story points because we minimize any unnecessary task in the project and we don’t really need estimating. We are looking for ways how to engage our customer. So yes, there are Scrum elements in this.
Interesting Lenka, and thanks for your input. As a PMI-PBA placed in a non-profit organization, you would know better than I if Scrum could be used in other areas, or improved in existing areas. It's the adaptability of Scrum in non-tech domains that is interesting to me, and I would imagine to someone with BA expertise :-)
avatar
Rami Kaibni
Community Champion
Senior Projects Manager | Field & Marten Associates New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
Apr 19, 2018 8:55 PM
Replying to Lenka Pincot
...
I’m working on a non profit project. We don’t have daily meetings but weekly because we dedicate one working day per week to the project so more frequent meetings don’t make any sense. We have backlogs, use Agile management software, prioritize, we are capable of doing our project and we are self organizing ourselves. We don’t use story points because we minimize any unnecessary task in the project and we don’t really need estimating. We are looking for ways how to engage our customer. So yes, there are Scrum elements in this.
This is interesting ... And yes, you are using so many elements of scrum.

I think we all agree, scrum can be used in any industry but not in its entirely and/or not with being tailored to suit the specific project / industry because if scrum is not flexible, then it definitely only applies to the IT sector while I honestly see lots of benefits in tailoring scrum and applying it to different industries like what you do for example: A weekly meeting instead of a daily one.
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Khai Ng. IT PMO | IT Project Manager| TTGROUP Hanoi, Viet Nam
Scrum is just a development framework so it can be applied to any types of projects whether they are technology or non-technology. However, it is very difficult to carry out a project by using Scrum alone for we have to care about all works of Project scope not just Product scope. Scrum focus on Product scope. We need to incorporate it in a hybrid model.
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Lenka Pincot Chief of Staff to the CEO| Project Management Institute Paris, France
I was just thinking about another example. My task was to define new strategy for a specific area. The product, strategy was not known upfront, there was a lot of learning and adaptation through its creation, we were having daily meetings in a small circle because the topic was very complex. Our product owner was president of the company who would fulfill the definition of product owner given by scrum. I was managing a backlog of thinks to do, mostly research topics.
I like scrum because it gives a sense. I always manage backlog on whatever I do. I always adapt the outcome because I simply can’t imagine going on with a stubborn idea that what was defined month ago must be delivered if we see that things changed and must be adapted. But would you still call it a scrum even if some elements are present and some not?
I personally prefer to be aware of various methods or frameworks and then I pick what make sense to me. I actually don’t like to feel that my decision making is somewhat limited by a request to follow certain methodology. In this sense Scrum can be really used everywhere. But methodology-wise is it still scrum? I don’t know. It’s a methodological question. But if you say that even partly applied scrum counts then there’s a plenty of examples how it was used on non software development projects.
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1 reply by Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
Apr 20, 2018 8:09 AM
Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
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That's a good example Lenka. Scrum does have roles, events, artifacts and rules that make it uniquely Scrum. I guess it would depend what was included and what was not that blurs the lines between Scrum and not Scrum. For example, some companies call the Scrum Master an Iteration Manager, a Sprint an Iteration. I would still call it Scrum because it doesn't alter the delivery of the framework. Other companies work with larger teams than Scrum would prescribe. I would still call it Scrum for the same reason. But when you get into things such as the absence of cross-functional self-organizing teams, or decisions over what work gets included into the sprint/iteration only made by the people actually doing the work, or cutting out the Retrospective altogether, this is when it ceases to be Scrum in my view because these are critical components that make it Scrum.
avatar
Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD Senior Project Manager| Infosys Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Apr 20, 2018 7:42 AM
Replying to Lenka Pincot
...
I was just thinking about another example. My task was to define new strategy for a specific area. The product, strategy was not known upfront, there was a lot of learning and adaptation through its creation, we were having daily meetings in a small circle because the topic was very complex. Our product owner was president of the company who would fulfill the definition of product owner given by scrum. I was managing a backlog of thinks to do, mostly research topics.
I like scrum because it gives a sense. I always manage backlog on whatever I do. I always adapt the outcome because I simply can’t imagine going on with a stubborn idea that what was defined month ago must be delivered if we see that things changed and must be adapted. But would you still call it a scrum even if some elements are present and some not?
I personally prefer to be aware of various methods or frameworks and then I pick what make sense to me. I actually don’t like to feel that my decision making is somewhat limited by a request to follow certain methodology. In this sense Scrum can be really used everywhere. But methodology-wise is it still scrum? I don’t know. It’s a methodological question. But if you say that even partly applied scrum counts then there’s a plenty of examples how it was used on non software development projects.
That's a good example Lenka. Scrum does have roles, events, artifacts and rules that make it uniquely Scrum. I guess it would depend what was included and what was not that blurs the lines between Scrum and not Scrum. For example, some companies call the Scrum Master an Iteration Manager, a Sprint an Iteration. I would still call it Scrum because it doesn't alter the delivery of the framework. Other companies work with larger teams than Scrum would prescribe. I would still call it Scrum for the same reason. But when you get into things such as the absence of cross-functional self-organizing teams, or decisions over what work gets included into the sprint/iteration only made by the people actually doing the work, or cutting out the Retrospective altogether, this is when it ceases to be Scrum in my view because these are critical components that make it Scrum.
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1 reply by Lenka Pincot
Apr 20, 2018 10:45 AM
Lenka Pincot
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that is a good summary Sante, so in other words if majority of key method elements are present we can call it a method applied.
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Lenka Pincot Chief of Staff to the CEO| Project Management Institute Paris, France
Apr 20, 2018 8:09 AM
Replying to Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
...
That's a good example Lenka. Scrum does have roles, events, artifacts and rules that make it uniquely Scrum. I guess it would depend what was included and what was not that blurs the lines between Scrum and not Scrum. For example, some companies call the Scrum Master an Iteration Manager, a Sprint an Iteration. I would still call it Scrum because it doesn't alter the delivery of the framework. Other companies work with larger teams than Scrum would prescribe. I would still call it Scrum for the same reason. But when you get into things such as the absence of cross-functional self-organizing teams, or decisions over what work gets included into the sprint/iteration only made by the people actually doing the work, or cutting out the Retrospective altogether, this is when it ceases to be Scrum in my view because these are critical components that make it Scrum.
that is a good summary Sante, so in other words if majority of key method elements are present we can call it a method applied.
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2 replies by Rami Kaibni and Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
Apr 20, 2018 12:16 PM
Rami Kaibni
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Or Flexible Scrum :-)

Just like you can tailor the project management processes to suits your project, the same can be done with scrum. I think there is lots of benefit to this.
Apr 20, 2018 6:05 PM
Sante Delle-Vergini, PhD
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It would depend who you talk to Lenka. There are purists and there are realists ;-)
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