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Embracing Diversity in AI: A Global Journey Towards Equity

Why Me? Impostor Syndrome (English and Spanish)

Diversity and Inclusion at PMI (English and Spanish)

Behind every great woman there can be a great man

Role Models for Women: Why are they important

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Embracing Diversity in AI: A Global Journey Towards Equity

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Authors: Mei Lin, USA- North America; Aneta Wereszczak, Poland - Europe; Yohara Salinas, Panama- Latin America; Vrushali Bhagwat, India - Asia; Alice Hellen Owora - Africa; Alejandra Nazar Kafaty (Mentor), Honduras- Latin America. 

Abstract 

Image generated by AI ( Gemini) 

Original Article

This article explores diversity in Artificial Intelligence (AI) development, spanning continents and demographics. From gender empowerment initiatives to the inclusivity challenges faced by generations, differently-abled individuals worldwide, it underscores the need for comprehensive DE&I strategies. By advocating for gender equity, generational inclusivity, and accessibility enhancements, we can unlock AI's potential for positive societal change, fostering a future where everyone thrives. 

Introduction 

Imagine a world where machines not only think but also understand emotions, where computer programs not only solve problems but also empathize with people. Welcome to the cutting-edge of Artificial Intelligence (AI), where science fiction becomes reality, and big changes are on the horizon. 

In today's fast-changing tech world, AI is seen as a game-changer, ready to shake up industries, reshape societies, and change the way we live. But as we get excited about AI's potential, we can't ignore an important issue: making sure AI is fair and inclusive for everyone. 

As technology keeps moving forward, different parts of the world face their own unique challenges and chances to promote fairness and inclusion in AI. Our journey isn't just about tech skills; it's also about making sure everyone is treated fairly and has a voice.

Come along as we explore the world of diversity in AI, looking at real-life examples from different continents. Together, we'll find a way to make sure AI isn't just smart but also fair, inclusive, and celebrates the rich diversity of our global family. 

AI and Gender Diversity 

In Africa, the gender gap in the AI workforce remains stark, with women significantly underrepresented in STEM fields and AI-related industries. Reports from Research ICT Africa (RIA) and the Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Technology Law (CIPIT) shed light on this disparity, urging for greater representation and research on how AI impacts women. Lillian Barnard, President of Microsoft Africa, emphasizes the urgent need for more women in AI leadership roles to harness its potential for inclusive development. 

Across Asia and Europe, initiatives like AI4Women and the #SheHealth Initiative is empowering women to enter and thrive in the AI sector. However, challenges persist, including wage inequality and the lack of diversity among AI developers. European policies focus on promoting gender equality in STEM fields, while India's establishment of Centers of Excellence for AI aims to address gender disparities in critical application sectors. 

In North America, the underrepresentation of women in AI research and software development underscores the need for dynamic regulatory frameworks that prioritize diversity and inclusion. Ethical concerns surrounding bias mitigation and privacy protection are crucial for promoting gender-sensitive AI outcomes and fostering an inclusive AI ecosystem. 

AI and Generational Diversity 

The coexistence of digital natives and all generations poses both opportunities and challenges in AI adoption. 

Africa's young and growing population presents a unique opportunity for AI empowerment, yet challenges such as the digital divide between generations must be addressed to ensure equal access and participation in the digital economy. 

In Asia, the coexistence of digital natives and all generations highlights both opportunities and challenges in AI adoption. Initiatives aim to leverage diverse age groups' expertise and perspectives for inclusive AI initiatives and societal development. 

All continents recognize the importance of tailoring AI systems to be accessible and inclusive across all age groups, emphasizing the need to address the varying ways generational groups interact with and are impacted by AI. 

AI and Accessibility for Differently Abled Individuals 

Across continents, AI-based assistive technologies hold promise for enhancing accessibility and inclusion for differently-abled individuals.

In Africa, AI-based assistive technologies hold promise for enhancing accessibility and inclusion for differently-abled individuals. However, challenges such as inadequate data, funding, and policy support hinder their development and adoption. 

Across Asia and Latin America, successful AI initiatives like Project Mudra and AI for Everyone are improving accessibility and empowerment for differently-abled individuals across various sectors. Democratizing access to AI is crucial for ensuring that these benefits reach all individuals, regardless of their abilities or geographic location. 

In North America, ethical considerations in AI development are paramount for promoting inclusivity and accessibility for differently-abled individuals. Ensuring that AI systems enhance human well-being and respect individual privacy and rights is essential for building a more inclusive AI ecosystem. 

Promoting Ethical Diversity from Latin America 

Latin America contributes to the AI discourse by emphasizing the importance of ethical diversity in AI development. Initiatives such as AI for Good Latin America focus on harnessing AI for social good, promoting diversity, and ensuring ethical AI practices. By incorporating diverse perspectives from Latin America, AI initiatives can address region-specific challenges and foster inclusivity on a global scale. 

As we navigate the complexities of AI development and deployment, it's imperative to prioritize diversity, equity, and inclusion at every stage. By harnessing the full spectrum of talent, perspectives, and experiences, we can unlock the true potential of AI to drive positive social change and create a more equitable and inclusive future for all. 

Case studies and examples from diverse continents provide invaluable resources for understanding and promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion (DE&I) in the creation and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). 

AI Watch: European Landscape on the Use of AI by the Public Sector 

The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) has conducted a study on the use of AI in public services, providing an overview of the status of AI implementation in Europe. The findings highlight that the use of AI by public administrations is growing, and the diffusion of AI remains unequal. The report suggests that policymakers should consider ensuring the right balance between public and private sector expertise and capacity, enhancing data governance, and risk mitigation to advance. 

Regulating AI in Europe: Four Problems and Four Solutions 

This paper, published by the Adalovelace Institute, critiques the European Union's AI Act and suggests solutions to its flaws. The paper highlights the need for a more nuanced approach to risk assessment, considering impacts on groups and society as a whole, and not just risks to individuals and their rights.

Conducting a DEI Assessment in Asia Pacific 

Zuellig Pharma is a healthcare solutions company covering 16 markets across Asia, with the mission of making healthcare more accessible to the communities it serves. The successful conclusion of the DEI assessment highlighted that Zuellig Pharma had a strong foundation for further developing its DEI program, and it helped the company understand the gaps and challenges. Through the DEI assessment, offices across 13 geographies were able to identify contextually and culturally specific priorities, and the internal regional assessment allowed teams from different countries to engage on similar goals related to DEI. 

The DE&I Landscape In India Inc: Bridging The Gap Between Rhetoric And Reality The report comprises details on how DE&I practices are maturing from nice-to-have social initiatives to strategic business imperatives that need to be embedded in the organizational culture & values and become an integral part of the day-to-day functioning of businesses. 

Shaping the Future: Indigenous Voices Reshaping Artificial Intelligence in Latin America | LinkedIn 

This article is based on the study “Inteligencia artificial centrada en los pueblos indígenas: perspectivas desde América Latina y el Caribe” - available in Spanish at the UNESCO digital library. This study addresses the potential of indigenous identities, the importance of bias and knowledge invalidation, and strategies to execute inclusive projects. 

What should we do to promote DE&I? 

As project manager leaders in the global community, navigating the AI era with a commitment to Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging (DE&IBA) needs proactive and strategic actions. To foster an environment where future generations can thrive and ensure that the AI landscape is equitable and inclusive, the following call to action is proposed: 

1. Addressing Gender Bias in AI and Tech Fields: 

● Advocate for gender diversity in AI and tech fields through educational initiatives and equitable hiring practices. 

● Implement transparent salary policies and leadership programs targeted at women in tech to address wage gaps and career advancement barriers. 

● Encourage the creation of AI development teams with diverse members to mitigate AI bias and promote gender equity in AI design. 

● Leverage AI tools to analyze and rectify disparities within organizations, collaborating to develop comprehensive AI ethics guidelines that prioritize gender equity. 

2. Ensuring Generational Inclusivity in AI Design: 

● Involve all generations in the testing phase of AI products to ensure their needs are met and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all age groups. 

● Advocate for the inclusion of all age groups in AI development teams to bring their unique perspectives and experiences to the design process.

● Design AI-driven applications and services that cater to the usability preferences and requirements of all users, fostering a multigenerational tech community. 

● Encourage knowledge sharing and collaboration between different generations to advance inclusive AI solutions that address the needs of all individuals. 

3. Enhancing Accessibility for Differently Abled Individuals: 

● Invest in the development of AI tools and accessible solutions for persons with disabilities, bridging the digital divide and promoting inclusivity. 

● Volunteer to equip all generations with digital literacy skills and ensure technology is accessible to all, promoting ethical diversity and inclusion in AI development. 

Conclusion 

By taking proactive steps to address gender, generational, and accessibility challenges in AI, we can pave the way for a more equitable and inclusive future. It's up to leaders, innovators, and advocates across industries and borders to champion these changes, ensuring that the AI era is marked by progress that benefits everyone, irrespective of gender, age, or ability. Together, let's harness the power of diversity in AI to drive positive social change and create a better world for all. 

Be Bold in embracing AI, not as a distant marvel but as a canvas for innovation within your grasp. This journey has shown us that the realm of AI is not reserved for the tech elite but is an open field where every curious mind can sow seeds of change. Whether you're a project manager, an educator, or a creative soul, the time is ripe to stake your claim in the AI revolution, to shape it with the contours of your vision and values. 

Be Respectful of the diversity that surrounds us, recognizing that the true strength of AI lies in its ability to mirror the rich tapestry of human experience. As we navigate the complex waters of DE&I biases, let us steer our AI endeavors with a compass calibrated to equity and inclusion. By infusing AI with a deep respect for all voices and perspectives, we transform it from mere technology into a beacon of progress that honors our collective humanity. 

Be Agile in your AI learning journey, embodying the spirit of exploration that has guided adventurers and innovators through the ages. In a landscape that evolves with the speed of thought, agility is your most trusted ally. Embrace the cycle of learning, experimenting, and sharing, for in the realm of AI, every mistake is a stepping stone and every achievement a beacon for others. 

Finally, embrace community connections to shape a more equitable AI future. Our values, "We PowerUP," "Being good enough is amazing," and "Together we rise," underscore the strength of

unity, the celebration of diversity, and the power of collaboration. Together, we can drive meaningful change in the AI landscape, ensuring opportunities for all, regardless of gender, generation, abilities or background. Let's embody these values as we promote diversity, equity, and inclusion, propelling us towards a future where everyone thrives.

About the Authors: ( L- R) 

Mei Lin, USA- North America 

Aneta Wereszczak, Poland - Europe 

Yohara Salinas, Panama- Latin America 

Vrushali Bhagwat, India - Asia 

Alice Hellen Owora - Africa 

Alejandra Nazar Kafaty ( Mentor) , Honduras- Latin America 

Reference 

● Addressing Gender Bias to Achieve Ethical AI | IPI Global Observatory (theglobalobservatory.org) ● 4 Ways to Address Gender Bias in AI (hbr.org) 

● Artificial Intelligence Has a Racial and Gender Bias Problem | TIME 

● Why we must act now to close the digital gender gap in AI | World Economic Forum (weforum.org) 

● The three challenges of AI regulation | Brookings 

● The state of AI in 2023: Generative AI’s breakout year | McKinsey 

● Challenges to U.S. National Security and Competitiveness Posed by AI | RAND ● 2021-10-04 US China AI Competition Factors.pdf (af.edu) 

● Researchers Identify 6 Challenges Humans Face with Artificial Intelligence | University of Central Florida News (ucf.edu) 

● The AI Generation Gap: Millennials Embrace AI, Boomers Are Skeptical | PCMag ● Gender biases in AI and emerging technologies | UNESCO 

● There’s More to AI Bias Than Biased Data, NIST Report Highlights | NIST 

● Research shows AI is often biased. Here's how to make algorithms work for all of us | World Economic Forum (weforum.org) 

● Bias Mitigation in Generative AI - Analytics Vidhya

● Addressing Gender Bias to Achieve Ethical AI | IPI Global Observatory 

(theglobalobservatory.org) 

● Influence 100 Insights 2023, AI, Future Challenges, Diversity & ESG (provokemedia.com) ● Researching Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Field of AI - Partnership on AI ● How to Achieve Better DE&I in Staffing Using AI | The Staffing Stream 

● 8 DEI Challenges Leaders Face (and How to Solve Them) | Quantive 

● How HR Can Harness AI to Advance DE&I - Hunt Scanlon Media 

● Human cognitive biases present in Artificial Intelligence | Riev, International Journal on Basque Studies (eusko-ikaskuntza.eus) 

● (1) DE&I and Generative AI Bias | LinkedIn 

● responsible-ai-idc.pdf (awsstatic.com) 

● Empowering responsible AI practices | Microsoft AI 

● Google AI Principles – Google AI 

● Mckinsey Podcast on achieving gender parity in Asia 

● Paper on semi-systematic literature review of the guidelines regarding DEI in AI ● IndiaAI 2023: Expert Group Report – First Edition 

● AI Implications for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) - Article by Rohini Anand PhD Strategic DEI Advisor 

● how AI is already transforming DEI - BY AMIRA BARGER 

● Article on AI Brings Opportunities And Risks To Workplace DEI Efforts by Rebekah Bastian ● UNESCO: How generative AI is reshaping education in Asia-Pacific 

● 5 ways Asia-Pacific economies can operationalize AI to unlock economic opportunity ● Racing toward the future: artificial intelligence in Southeast Asia 

● Artificial intelligence and gender equality: key findings of UNESCO's Global Dialogue ● Governing AI in Africa: Policy frameworks for a new frontier - Microsoft On the Issues ● https://cipit.strathmore.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Artificial-Intelligence-Labour-Gender-Gap -copy-1-1.pdf

Posted by Cecilia Boggi on: March 07, 2024 01:02 PM | Permalink | Comments (6)

Why Me? Impostor Syndrome (English and Spanish)

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Why me? – The Impostor Syndrome

Last week, my friend, Engineer Iris Gastañaga received a phone call announcing that she had been selected to receive an award for her outstanding participation in the information technology industry.

The first thing that came to her mind was: "Why me?"

Iris is an Information Systems Engineer and studied for a master's degree in the same area, in addition, she has several other important credentials, such as PMP-Project Management Professional.

She is a full professor of the Master's Degree in Information Systems at the Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN), Córdoba Regional Faculty, with a seniority of almost 30 years and prepared with a master's degree in university teaching.

In the professional field, Iris Gastañaga also has a 30-year career in the Software industry, and since 2008 she is Partner, Director and President of the company Kinetic Delivering Value, an organization dedicated to consulting and training professionals and companies on topics related to Quality and Processes, Project Management and Software Engineering, assisting important local and regional clients, leading a structure of more than 160 people.

Iris Gastañaga represents a role model for entrepreneurship and project management, founder and first President of the PMI Córdoba, Argentina Chapter and parto of board of directors in a couple of professional organizations. She is an international speaker, author of numerous articles, and has received multiple awards and distinctions.

And I could go on listing her important achievements, but I don't want to be tedious.

However, with all the above, Iris wonders "Why me?" when they announce her award.

And why not?

Why do women not value our achievements?

Why we feel as "imposters" when we are recognized?

Known as "imposter syndrome" is a psychological phenomenon by which successful people, especially women, are unable to assimilate their achievements and tend to minimize or underestimate their success, probably due to perfectionism.

The worst thing about this syndrome is that many women miss opportunities for development and professional growth because they don’t feel ready to the responsibility, capable, qualified, prepared. They feel like a fraud. They cannot recognize their achievements, even with great experience and preparation, they remain convinced that they are a fraud and that they do not deserve the success they achieved.

The question we should ask ourselves is:

What strategies can women develop to minimize the effects of this self-trap that limits them?

Alejandra Marcote in her very interesting book called “How to transform the impostor syndrome into your ally” (Marcote, 2022) recommends some actions to put into practice to defeat the negative effects of this disorder:

  • The first thing we should do is to be aware we are not the only ones to go through this situation. Sharing it, just as Iris shared her feeling with us, helps to see it from another dimension.
  • Review our achievements and competencies as if they were someone else's. What would you think if you see your professional career headed with the name of another person? Would you feel that person is not capable?
  • And in the case of mistakes and failures, which we all have, validate the learning obtained!
  • Visualize the future we want to reach, design the journey we want to travel, take actions to feel safe in the challenges we set for ourselves and rely on colleagues, mentors, and friends (women and men) who can help us flourish!

Finally, last Monday September 26th, Iris Gastañaga received the recognition for her career in the software industry!

A person holding a plaque    Description automatically generated with medium confidence Posted by Cecilia Boggi on: October 11, 2022 10:07 AM | Permalink | Comments (9)

Diversity and Inclusion at PMI (English and Spanish)

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PMI CEO & President, Mr. Sunil Prashara, send us recently an email mentioning the launch of Diversity and Inclusion steering committee and his concern about low female participation among PMI Board of Directors candidates.

I appreciate and share his concern so, that I’ve been studying gender diversity in project management, both within the framework of my Doctoral Thesis, investigating Female Leadership in Project Management in Argentina, since 2016, and also from the PMI Buenos Aires Chapter’s Community of Interest in Female Leadership, of which I am founder and leader since 2018.

At our Community of Interest, we carry out an investigation to find out the representation of women of the PMI Chapters of Latin America, regarding percentage of women among Chapter’s members, Chapter’s PMP® holders, Chapter’s Board of Directors members and Chapter’s President.

This study showed that, in 2019, only 28% of Chapters members and 26% of the Chapters PMP® credential holders were women; 37% of the Chapters Board of Directors members were women but only 22% of the Chapters have Female President.

In contrast to this very low representation, we are proud to say that the 100% of the 3 Region Mentors in Latin America are women!

I had the opportunity to present this research at various congresses and conferences, including PMI North America LIM in Philadelphia, last October 2019.  This year we are repeating the study to see the evolution of female participation.

Additionally, this year we are also researching the percentage of women in leadership roles and, especially, as project managers, in organizations and state agencies as well as the diversity programs they are carrying out in Latin America. As soon as we have that information, we will share it with the community.

On the other hand, investigating the history of the PMI, we can mention that:

• Among its 5 founders, James Snyder, Eric Jenett, Gordon Davis, Ned Engman and Susan Gallagher, there was only one 1 woman.

• Among the 51 Chairs of the PMI Board of Directors from 1969 to now, only 8 have been women.

• All three PMI CEOs since 1996 are men.

The good news is that the current BoD, even though it’s chaired by a male, is represented in a 50% by women.

Perhaps, all the above data explains the reason to have only one female candidate for Board of Directors this year, and that’s why I appreciate so much Sunil's posting and concern.

From the PMI Buenos Aires Chapter, we are conducting awareness, promotion and professional development sessions for women, as well as a mentoring program with the aim of reversing this unbalanced reality and achieving greater diversity, with the benefits it entails.

The purpose of our community is to achieve a more diverse profession, with fewer biases, stereotypes and barriers, with more opportunities for women in project management.

Thank you very much, Sunil, for opening this dialogue!

#WomenLeaders #WomenInProjectManagement #FemaleLeadership #Leadership #Diversity #Inclusion

==== En Español

El CEO y Presidente del PMI, Sr. Sunil Prashara, nos envió recientemente un correo electrónico mencionando el lanzamiento del comité de Diversity and Inclusion y su preocupación sobre la baja participación femenina entre los candidatos a Board of Directors del PMI.

Aprecio y comparto esa preocupación, tanto que desde hace varios años estoy estudiando la diversidad de género en la Dirección de Proyectos, tanto en el marco de mi tesis doctoral, investigando el liderazgo femenino en dirección de proyectos en Argentina desde el año 2016, como también, desde la Comunidad de Interés de Liderazgo Femenino del PMI Capítulo Buenos Aires de la que soy fundadora y líder desde el 2018.

En nuestra Comunidad de Interés de Liderazgo Femenino, llevamos adelante una investigación para conocer la representación de mujeres de los capítulos de PMI de Latinoamérica, los que nos informan el porcentaje de mujeres entre sus miembros, certificados PMP®, integrantes de la comisión directiva y presidente de la comisión directiva.

Con este estudio hemos encontrado que, en el año 2019, sólo un 28% de los miembros y un 26% de los certificados PMP® eran mujeres; el 37% de los integrantes de las comisiones directivas eran mujeres pero sólo el 22% de los Presidentes.

Como contraste a esta muy baja representación, tenemos que el 100% de los 3 PMI Region Mentors de Latinoamérica, son mujeres!

Tuve la oportunidad de presentar esta investigación en diversos congresos y conferencias, incluyendo el taller que realicé junto a Adriana Cibelli en la LIM de Filadelfia en Octubre de 2019 y este año la estamos repitiendo el estudio para ver la evolución de la participación femenina.

Adicionalmente, este año estamos investigando también en organizaciones y organismos del estado la participación de mujeres en roles de liderazgo y especialmente de project managers y los programas de diversidad que están realizando las organizaciones en Latinoamérica. Aún no contamos con esa información para poder publicarla.

Por otro lado, investigando la historia del PMI podemos mencionar que:

  • Entre sus 5 fundadores, James Snyder, Eric Jenett, Gordon Davis, Ned Engman and Susan Gallagher, solamente se encontraba una 1 mujer.
  • Entre los presidentes de los BoD desde 1969 a la fecha, sólo 8 de 51 presidentes han sido mujeres.
  • Los tres CEOs de PMI desde 1996, fueron hombres.

La buena noticia es que el BoD actual, si bien está presidido por un varón, está representado en un 50% de mujeres.

Tal vez todo lo anterior explique la razón por la que sólo tengamos una candidata mujer para en Board of Directors y es por esto que aprecio la publicación y preocupación de Sunil.

Desde el PMI Capítulo Buenos Aires estamos realizando sesiones de concientización, promoción y desarrollo profesional de mujeres, así como un programa de mentoring con el objetivo de revertir esta realidad dispar y lograr una mayor diversidad, con los beneficios que esto conlleva.

El propósito de nuestra comunidad es lograr una profesión más diversa, con menos sesgos, estereotipos y barreras, con más oportunidades para las mujeres en la dirección de proyectos.

Muchas Gracias, Sunil, por abrir este diálogo!

#MujeresLíderes #MujeresEnProjectManagement #LiderazgoFemenino #Liderazgo #Diversidad #Inclusión

Posted by Cecilia Boggi on: July 30, 2020 12:51 PM | Permalink | Comments (9)

Behind every great woman there can be a great man

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A beautiful dawn when I was 6 years old my father woke my eldest sister and me up to announce us that we had a new little sister. By that time ultrasounds did not exist yet, so the doctor told my father about the birth and he later apologized, jokingly, about the gender. I had a new sister. My father, who was very grateful, said: “three girls… boys will come with time”.   

My mother was studying a technical career in the construction industry then. It was her second year and she was almost the only woman at the school. Since she was giving birth, she missed a test that day.  Once she was able to return, the teacher, a man, told her, “I had to put you the lowest mark” and with a proud tone he added, “Have you seen how that lowers your average score? “

She was a very tenacious woman and continues to be nowadays. She had decided to start that path to help my father who was a Civil Engineer.  After the delivery, the routine changed and every day, me and my family went to her school with my little sister for my mom to breastfeed her.  Two years later she got the degree with a gold medal. It was given by Amalia Lacroze de Fortabat 1 - a executive Argentinian women, school ‘sponsor -. Since then my mother worked not only next to my father but by her own until her retirement.

My mother was undoubtedly my inspiration. My father bought me a home computer in the early eighties to evaluate my vocation. When he asked me if I was sure about my career choice as a woman – he was conscious about gender inequity, not me -, I knew that it was possible because that was what she had taught me.  While my father was afraid to send me to another city to live alone being seventeen years old to study, my mom didn’t hesitate and sent me.  When I got my degree in Systems Engineer my father was emotionally touched.  I later formed my own family with a supportive husband like him, having my own three girls, working all the time with passion and enthusiasm.

A sad sunset three months ago was my turn to announce to my sisters and my mother that my father could not wake up anymore. I hugged my great mother and sisters, and I felt that great man with us. Immediately, every member of the family had self-assigned a duty, and I felt the necessity of writing the obituary for the local newspaper. 

As an engineer, teacher by vocation and a very active member in social institutions, he had developed in his local and regional community a very extensive activity. I was afraid of not being able to honor him in the short period of time that I had. But I recalled an old folder where he was collecting all the local clippings where he had been mentioned. As if he had foreseen facilitating my task, I found in the same place his professional transcript, course certificates, awards and handwritten drafts. As I read, I was able to understand him as a young man, his hopes, desires and concerns, his battles promoting the professional ethic, constructions laws modernization and school foundations. And then, through notes and discourses written when he was retired, I discovered his nostalgy and pride due to his achievements and results. 

Nothing on those papers was new to me. Neither it was to receive a condolence remembering him like a “creative and free ship captain!” or to see the blackboard on his room with his last attempts to learn another language or his recent history courses certificates. But it was a real surprise for everybody to find poems written by himself. Beautiful poems that told us about his reflections about being a father, the family, love, life and being in peace.

The review of his long trajectory and his pride gave me the strength, without hesitation, - as well as my mother's strength -  to return immediately, carrying all my immense pain, to my IT complex projects that continue without any compassion advancing steadily.

Since then his enthusiasm and passion for the action and the knowledge combined with the sentimentalism and generosity, beats – now consciously - in my heart. 

As women, we know that we dont need a man to pursue our dreams. But it becomes easier and more harmonic if we count on them.  And I am sure that in the same way that we have a positive influence in them, they can influence us with their example and with their unconditional support.

So, we can say, with no shame and with pride, that behind a great woman there can be a great man.

María del Rosario Valicente 

In memorian to  Eng. Cesar V. Valicente. (Argentina 1931-2019) 

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/María_Amalia_Lacroze_de_Fortabat

=======================================================

Detrás de una gran mujer puede haber un gran hombre.

Un bello amanecer, cuando tenía 6 años, mi papá me despertó a mi hermana y a mí, para anunciarnos que había llegado una hermanita. Entonces no había ecógrafos, asi que el médico anunció al mismo tiempo el nacimiento, y casi como como disculpándose en broma, el género. Mi papá se sintió agradecido de que todo hubiera salido bien y dijo: “ Tres niñas, los varones llegarán con el tiempo”.

Por aquel entonces, mi madre estudiaba una carrera técnica en la industria de la construcción. Estaba en su Segundo año y era casi la única mujer en la escuela. Debido al parto ella faltó a un examen. Al volver, un profesor, como si estuviera orgulloso y contento por ello le dijo, “Le tuve que poner un cero. Notó como le bajé el promedio?”

Ella era una mujer muy tenaz y continúa siéndolo. Había decidido iniciar ese camino para ayudar a mi papá que era Ingeniero Civil. Después del parto, la rutina cambió y todos los días, toda la familia iba a la escuela para que mi mamá pudiera amamantar a mi hermanita. Dos años más tarde ella tuvo su graduación con medalla de oro y otorgada por Amalia Lacroze de Fortabat  – importante empresaria argentina, patrocinadora de esa escuela. Desde entonces trabajó de su profesión, no solo junto a mi padre sino por su cuenta, hasta su jubilación.

Sin duda, fue mi inspiración. Mi padre me compró una computadora hogareña en los ochenta para evaluar mi vocación y cuando me preguntó si estaba segura de la carrera – él era consciente acerca de la inequidad de género, no yo – supe que era posible por mi mamá. Cuando él tuvo miedo de enviarme a vivir y estudiar a otra ciudad a mis 17 años, mi mamá no dudó y me envió. Cuando me gradué de ingeniera de sistemas, mi papá estaba notablemente emocionado.  Luego formé mi propia familia con mi esposo, teniendo mis propias tres niñas y trabajando con entusiasmo y pasión.

Un triste atardecer de hace tres meses fue mi turno de anunciarles a mis hermanas y mi madre que mi padre no despertaría más. Abracé a esta gran mujer y a mis hermanas y pude sentir a aquel gran hombre con nosotras. Inmediatamente cada uno de los miembros de la familia se autoasignó una tarea.  En mi caso, sentí la necesidad de escribir su recordatorio para el diario.

Como ingeniero, docente por vocación y miembro activo de instituciones sociales, su actividad en la comunidad local y regional en la que se había desempeñado había sido tan intensa y diversa que temía que no le iba a poder rendir el honor que se merecía en el corto tiempo que disponía. Decidí recurrir a un viejo álbum donde iba guardando recortes de diarios con notas que le habían hecho y, como si hubiera previsto facilitarme la tarea, estaban apilados en el mismo lugar, su legajo docente, su actividad profesional, certificados, reconocimientos y escritos. La lectura de hechos permitía desentrañar sus anhelos, sus preocupaciones, sus luchas por la ética profesional, reformas de leyes y fundaciones de escuelas. Mientras que las notas más recientes y discursos preparados para aniversarios descubrían su nostalgia y orgullo por los logros alcanzados. Nada del contenido de todos esos papeles y escritos eran novedosos para mí.  Tampoco el haber recibido entre las muestras de afecto y condolencias que lo recordaran como el capitán de un barco libre y creativo. Ni el pizarrón con los últimos intentos de practicar inglés. Lo que realmente nos sorprendió a todos fue encontrar recientes poemas, borradores y pasados en limpio, en los que reflexionaba sobre la felicidad de ser padre, del amor, de la vida, de irse en paz.

Fue seguro el haber repasado su vida profesional, su pasión y su orgullo - así como la fortaleza de mi madre - lo que me dio fuerzas para no dudar en retomar a los pocos días, arrastrando todo mi dolor, mis proyectos complejos de IT que no daban tregua.

Desde entonces, su entusiasmo por el saber y la acción, así como el sentimentalismo y su generosidad, laten - ahora conscientemente – en mi corazón.

Como mujeres, no necesitamos un hombre para cumplir nuestros sueños. Pero con su apoyo puede resultar más fácil y armónico.  Y así como nosotras influímos en ellos positivamente, ellos pueden haber influído con su ejemplo o con su soporte incondicional.

Podemos decir entonces, sin avergonzarnos y con orgullo, que detrás de toda gran mujer, puede haber también un gran hombre.

María del Rosario Valicente

In memorian Ingeniero Cesar V. Valicente. (Argentina,1931-2019) 

Posted by María del Rosario Valicente on: October 06, 2019 11:09 PM | Permalink | Comments (12)

Role Models for Women: Why are they important

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Leadership positions does not turn people who hold them into leaders. Becoming a leader is a construction process where your own identity as a leader is construct through time and validated by others that recognize you as a leader. Like a virtuous cycle, others recognition and reaffirmation of your own leadership capacity reinforce your self-confidence and encourage you to further seek leadership and growth opportunities. Leaders identity is also founded by a strong sense of purpose. This sense of purpose motivates people to push their limits in the road of pursuing their objectives and dreams. When leaders are connected with larger purposes, people around them, sharing similar values, trust them and also get connected to larger purposes. This help people find a meaning to their work, hence motivation.
 
Considering this, we find that role models play an important part in modeling our own identity as leaders. People learn new roles by imitating and experimenting traits and behaviors we see and admire in others. Besides, seeing other actions as leaders being validated and approved by others offers an example of how a leader should be and act and give us guidance. Recent studies suggest that women benefit from same-gender role models more than men do. In the case of women seeking to advance in their positions, finding role models in organizations with under-representation of women in upper levels is by all means difficult. Women development as leaders also faces a double bind since what is seen as self- confidence and assertion in a man is sometimes seen as authoritarian and aggressive in women and very often they are considered either too aggressive or not confident enough. This is why having women role models in organizations could be very useful in facilitating other women find their identity as leaders and encouraging them to take risks and advance in their leadership positions.
 
Role models help us see our potential. They inspire us and help us increase our self-confidence and ambition. But where can we find role models when women in senior level roles in our organization is scarce?
 
I particularly find myself very often reading stories about women who made a difference in their field or community through history. Mostly unknown women for me until I read about them and their courageous and admirable stories. It also works for me to keep me signed up to or to follow on social media pages, blogs, communities or people that share interesting content related to women empowerment and gender equality. YouTube has ton of great material to explore too. I recently find great inspiration and motivation in an entrepreneurship program designed exclusively for women in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) fields. Being part of a group of strong, powerful, smart and proactive women really made me feel empowered. Thus, communities or groups of interest are great places to find motivation and opportunities to work on the abilities or skills we want to develop. Likewise, you can find mentors there or in specific organizations that work to help women develop the skills we need.
Of note, role models should be attainable, someone who have achieved a status that is reachable and attainable in our minds, otherwise a role model could have a negative effect and be demoralizing. Real world, known and closed women are a good example of role models too. Personally, I find inspiration in a friend and colleague, Mariela, a pharmacist who recently engaged in Doctors Without Borders and left Buenos Aires to go to a mission in Guinea Bissau. Another friend of mine from childhood, Virginia, a 40-year-old mother of two, who went back to college to finish her undergraduate studies after 8 years of quitting them to stay at home and raise her children. Both life stories represent to me, like many other stories of women out there that we do not know, women pursuing a dream, women with an inspirational purpose, a desire, objective or even a quest for finding a deeper meaning in what they do and expect from life. Brave women giving their most, pushing their limits and serving as models to many others. Just looking into my owns roots, women like my grandmother and beloved sister.

 

Spanish version 


Modelos a seguir para las mujeres: ¿Por qué son importantes?
 
Las posiciones de liderazgo no convierten en líderes a las personas que las poseen. Convertirse en un líder es un proceso de construcción en el que la identidad propia de cada uno como líder se va construyendo y es validada por otros que nos reconocen como líderes en el tiempo. Cual círculo virtuoso, el reconocimiento y la reafirmación de nuestra propia capacidad de liderazgo por parte de terceros refuerza nuestra autoconfianza y nos alienta a seguir buscando oportunidades de liderazgo y crecimiento. La identidad de los líderes también se basa en un fuerte sentido del propósito. Este sentido del propósito impulsa a las personas a superar sus límites en el camino de la consecución de sus objetivos y sueños. Cuando los líderes están conectados con propósitos más profundos, las personas a su alrededor que comparten valores similares, confían en ellos y también se conectan con propósitos más profundos. Esto contribuye a que las personas encuentren un sentido a su trabajo y, por lo tanto, motivación.
 
Teniendo en cuenta esto, encontramos que los modelos a seguir o referentes juegan un papel importante en el modelado de nuestra propia identidad como líderes. Las personas aprendemos nuevos roles imitando y experimentando rasgos y comportamientos que vemos y admiramos en los demás. Además, ver las acciones de líderes que están siendo validadas y aprobadas por otros nos brinda un ejemplo de cómo un líder debe ser y actuar y nos sirve de guía. Estudios recientes sugieren que las mujeres se benefician más que los hombres de los modelos a seguir del mismo género. En el caso de las mujeres que buscan avanzar en su posición laboral, encontrar modelos a seguir en organizaciones con baja representación de mujeres en cargos superiores puede llegar a ser muy difícil. Por otro lado, el desarrollo del liderazgo en las mujeres también se enfrenta a lo que se denomina una encrucijada, ya que lo que es considerado autoconfianza y asertividad en las acciones de un hombre a veces es considerado autoritarismo y agresividad en las acciones de una mujer y, muy a menudo, se las considera o demasiado agresivas o sin la suficiente autoridad. Esta es una de las razones por las cuales encontrar modelos de mujeres líderes en las organizaciones podría ser muy útil para ayudar a que otras mujeres exploren y descubran su identidad como líderes y se animen a asumir riesgos y progresar en su posición laboral.


Un referente o modelo a seguir nos ayuda a ver nuestro potencial. Nos inspira y nos ayuda a aumentar nuestra autoconfianza y nuestra ambición. Pero, ¿dónde podemos encontrar modelos a seguir cuando en nuestra organización son escasas las mujeres con cargos de nivel superior?
 
Particularmente me encuentro muy a menudo leyendo historias sobre mujeres que hicieron una diferencia en su campo de desempeño o en su comunidad a lo largo de la historia. En su mayoría mujeres desconocidas para mí hasta que leo sobre ellas y sus admirables historias. También me sirve mantenerme registrada o seguir en las redes sociales algunas páginas, blogs, comunidades o personas que comparten contenido interesante relacionado con el empoderamiento de la mujer y la igualdad de género. YouTube tiene un montón de buen material para explorar también. He encontrado, hace muy poco, gran motivación e inspiración en un programa de emprendedurismo diseñado exclusivamente para mujeres que se desempeñan en el área de las STEM ( del inglés: Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemática). Ser parte de un grupo de mujeres fuertes, inteligentes, poderosas y proactivas realmente me hizo sentir empoderada. Así, las comunidades o grupos de interés son excelentes lugares para encontrar motivación y oportunidades para trabajar en las habilidades o aptitudes que queremos desarrollar. Del mismo modo, también en estos lugares o en organizaciones específicas que trabajan en el empoderamiento de la mujer se pueden encontrar mentores que nos ayuden a desarrollar las habilidades que necesitamos. 
Cabe destacar que los modelos a seguir que elijamos o nos presenten deberían representar a alguien alcanzable, alguien que haya llegado a un estado que nos parezca alcanzable y posible para nosotros mismos, de lo contrario, el modelo podría tener un efecto negativo y ser desmoralizante. Las mujeres del mundo real, conocidas y cercanas son también un buen ejemplo para tener en cuenta. Personalmente, me inspiro en una amiga y colega, Mariela, una farmacéutica que recientemente se inscribió en Médicos Sin Fronteras y dejó Buenos Aires para asumir un rol muy importante en una misión en Guinea Bissau. Otra amiga mía de la infancia, Virginia, una madre de 40 años de dos niños, que regresó a la universidad para terminar sus estudios universitarios después de 8 años de haberlos interrumpido para quedarse en casa y criar a sus hijos. Ambas historias de vida representan para mí, como seguramente muchas otras historias de mujeres que no conocemos, mujeres que van tras un sueño, mujeres con un propósito profundo e inspirador, un deseo, un objetivo o incluso una búsqueda para encontrar un significado más profundo en lo que hacen y esperan de la vida. Estas mujeres valientes dan lo mejor de sí, superan sus propios límites y sirven de modelo a muchas otras. Sencillamente mirando un poco en mis propias raíces, mujeres como mi abuela y mi amada hermana.


Bibliography & Interesting readings /Bibliografía & Lecturas interesantes

Women and the labyrinth of leadership. Alice H. Eagly & Linda L. Carli. Harvard business review. Harvard business review 85(9):62-71, 146. October 2007. DOI: 10.1037/e664062007-001

Taking Gender Into Account: Theory and Design for Women’s Leadership Development Programs. Robin J. Ely,  Herminia Ibarra, Deborah M. Kolb. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2011, Vol. 10, No. 3, 474–493. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amle.2010.0046.

A bed of thorns: Female leaders and the self-reinforcing cycle of illegitimacy. Andrea C. Vial, Jaime L. Napier, Victoria L. Brescoll. The Leadership Quarterly. Volume 27, Issue 3, June 2016, Pages 400-414.

The Role of Female Role Models. https://thesocietypages.org/trot/2017/02/22/the-role-of-female-role-models/

The Role Model Effect: Women Leaders Key To Inspiring The Next Generation.  https://www.forbes.com/sites/worldviews/2012/01/19/the-role-model-effect-women-leaders-key-to-inspiring-the-next-generation/

Posted by Fernanda Quinteros on: June 27, 2019 04:54 PM | Permalink | Comments (13)
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