Project Management

What Matters When Defining Requirements?

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Situation: You want to give your approach to requirements a little more thought.

Is requirements definition your biggest challenge when defining success on your project?  Or is that that one concern among many?

JAMA software and Raven flow are conducting a survey related to requirements gathering that you may be interested in.  At the very least, its a quick way to give some thought to what matters to you relative to requirements gathering.

Here are some early results from John Simpson of JAMA ...
 
Respondents are:  37% are Analysts, 24% Project Managers, 12% Product Development/Engineering, 6% Product Managers, 5% Exec Mngt
 
54% of respondents work for companies with $100 million annual revenue or more (25% are $1 billion +) so a good range of large and small companies
 
The biggest requirements challenges were:
70% gaining a clear understanding of what our customers want
64% ensuring what’s being built is what was planned
63% documenting all the requirements
 
The goals of their projects:
75% are for enhancing existing products
59% bringing new products to market
25% reducing costs of producing existing products
 
29% of them considered their companies “Risk Takers” when it comes to innovation, the largest camp was “Market Readers” at 36%, 16% were the “Low Cost Provider”
 
73% rely on customers and partners for new product ideas – so external collaboration is critical
 
In terms of complexity, 39% of respondents on average had 500+ requirements for typical project, 22% have 1,000 or more requirements
 
In terms of the burden of change management,  over a third of respondents spend 25% or more of their time dealing with changes to requirements
 
How they measure success:
87% customer satisfaction
52% quality/safety ratings
34% cost savings
32% revenue
25% speed to market (interesting in terms of positioning)
 
And the one they personally cared the most about was “customer satisfaction” at 61% – I thought it was interesting that “revenue” wasn’t higher (it was only 6%)
 
In terms of delivering projects on time and on budget:
For over half of respondents, the project success rate is 40% or less; so they’re feeling the requirements pain
 
The top reasons were:
74% scope creep
64% missed or poorly defined requirements
61% unrealistic schedules or expectations
51% team communication/collaboration an issue
44% Misunderstanding of what customers want
39% Issues w/ change management
29% Lack of executive support
 
What they personally find most frustrating:
Missed or poorly defined requirements was #1, unrealistic schedules #2, misunderstanding of the customer #3
 
The majority define “collaboration” as these 3 things:  everyone is in sync on the latest version of the requirements(80%), all items in centralized place (72%), everyone has access (66%)
 
No surprise, 80% currently use Word or Excel to define and communicate requirements; 31% currently use requirements definition software, 35% use a requirement management software, 40% using email
 
On the list of tools they’d like to use in 2008 – 59% chose requirements modeling & visualization, 62% requirements collaboration & management
 
In terms of processes:
37% are using a mix (so having tools built to handle various processes is probably a good thing)
26% traditional Waterfall
16% using RUP or some variation of it
And despite all the attention around Agile these days, only 5% answered using some flavor of Agile process currently – was a bit surprise Agile wasn’t higher
 

Posted on: April 16, 2008 10:34 PM | Permalink

Comments (6)

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Michael Wood Project Manager / Business Analyst / Business Process Improvement Guru| Independent Contractor Gig Harbor, Wa, United States
Interesting survey. Without a pragmatic and self proving approach to discovering requirements these results may never improve. When developing The Helix Methodology the biggest challenge I faced was developing tools and techniques that insured that the Real and Complete requirements would be identified and that there would be traceability through business processes, business plan objectives as well as throughout the development life cycle.

The result was a career filled with successful implementations and scores or organizations helped along the way.

Success with requirements is very possible when approached correctly and extremely frustrating and costly when not.

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Erick Cruz Programming Manager| Concentrix Pasig, Philippines
I am not a bit surprised that agile is not higher in terms of processes when it comes to requirements. Amongst the many things about agile, requirements seems to be the least understood. There is a natural tendency to assume that requirements is an entrenched phase in software development and given agile's reputation of rapidly developing application and rapidly changing it as well, requirements become blurred in the onset because documenting the updated requirements lags to what the application is now capable of doing.

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Chris Young PM III| Kindred Healthcare Louisville, Ky, United States
In terms of the reasons why these projects are failing, I'm surprised that Misunderstanding of What Customers Want isn't a bit higher on the list. This issue goes hand-in-hand with Scope Creep and Missed Requirements which are numbers 1 and 2 on the list. With so many of the respondents using a waterfall approach or a mix (which is probably mostly waterfall as well), genuine understanding of the customer needs and wants is critical to capturing requirements and keeping scope under control.

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ANAND VENKATRAMAN Senior Business Analyst| TVAM Solutions Limited Swindon, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
Thats an interesting survey. It provides insight into what Project Managers should be careful about for any future projects.
In my opinion, 'Misunderstanding of customers' coupled with 'Missed Requirements' and 'Scope Creep' is also related to the 'Documenting the requirements' and not only documenting it but ensuring that a Sign off is taken from the applicable parties on the Requirements Document.

It also helps creating a 'Working Prototype' of the application/system to demonstrate to the Customer what path Application Development is taking and taking 'Customer Feedback' and incorporating it into the prototype so that the later critical stages of Development do not overstep the deadlines.


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Bev Reusser Washington, Dc, United States
"Missed / poorly defined requirements" and "misunderstaning what the customer wants" are certainly challenges when defining requirements. If I had a dollar for every time a user has told me "I need an Access database", I could be living in Italy by now. I would think to myself, "that isn't a requirement and hardly a solution". I have spent many hours working with user groups on requirements determination and even authored a guide that was distributed internally and contributed to some success. Our vendor that supplied all the IT services said that our business users were getting better at stating what they needed out of a new application or enhancement, i.e, the "what" and not the "how". I a firm believer in that the time spent up front in defining requirements is recouped during the construction process. And if you craft your requirements document properly, it can very well serve as a template for the user acceptance test script as well as simplify the tracibility process. Getting the requirments down is difficult because often our customers don't know what they want, and we put them in a position of having to know what they don't know. As IT professionals, we need to know how to elicit requirements without boxing in the customer.

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Ashley J Knaus Atmos Energy Corporation Dallas, TX, United States
These stats are not surprising. I have been a full fledge Project Manager since 1999. Before this time I had to serve my time on project teams as the Business Analyst and work my way up to a team lead then finally a full PM. At the time I viewed this as being held back and I didn’t understand why I couldn’t be the PM since I knew how to coordinate and get things done. Now I see the reasoning behind the madness, so to speak. How can you manage deliverables that you don’t understand? My time spent as a BA has become my greatest asset in the PM world. In my opinion you have to have both skill sets to be a real PM. I know I may ruffle some feathers but if you don’t understand the requirements, the business or know how to probe the real requirements and expectations out of the client then your real job is a Project Coordinator not a Manager.

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