Voices on Project Management

by Peter Tarhanidis, PhD

We are now in the final quarter of a pandemic year. With many of us still isolated and working remotely as a second wave of COVID-19 emerges, project teams and leaders alike must consider how to close out 2020. Finishing strong together in a pandemic year without burnout is the goal—and it’s a crucial one for our customers, colleagues, families and communities.

But how can we avoid the desire to crawl back into bed until we’re past the pandemic? Let’s take a moment and conduct a check to see if any of us, our colleagues or family exhibit signs of burnout. This may include feelings of being overwhelmed, a lack of passion, emotional exhaustion and falling behind on normal activities. These symptoms all lead to rising irritability, conflicts and visible struggles. 

To cope with the stress and anxiety, we must reverse this cycle. We should re-prioritize ourselves to ensure we take care of our physical, mental and financial health, proactively recognizing our pressures and setting time aside to restore our mindfulness and spend time with family. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, find a strong support network. Taking action to create more balance is restorative and puts leaders in a position to be examples to others in doing the same.

As the end of year nears for me, I recognize finishing strong and limiting burnout involves adapting to pandemic tensions and refining my approach to leadership and project management

Do more:

1. Coaching and mentoring to direct others and yourself to complete the goal
2. Maintaining focus, flexibility and agility to adjust scope plans, milestones and project schedules by working with stakeholders and sponsors
3. Collaborating with teams and staying interconnected while practicing transparency
4. Celebrating and recognizing small and large milestones

Do less:

1. Losing sight of the key priorities and getting caught up with issues of low importance
2. Blaming colleagues for missed targets rather than gaining consensus on how to plan a way forward
3. Taking for granted the effort colleagues have put into their work and not celebrating their efforts
4. Slipping into disorganization instead of maintaining administrative oversight of critical project needs

Your turn: What are some of the best ways to avoid end-of-year burnout for you and your team?

by Cyndee Miller

Resilience: the most in-demand, most talked-about and likely most used super skill of the year. The coronavirus has forced everyone to throw out the playbook and dig deep to forge ahead. My team and I picked up a few lessons learned along the way, but I was ready to hear from some real power players: Olympic Games executive director Christophe Dubi and Olympic champion gymnasts Laurie Hernandez and Nadia Comaneci. Confession: I’m old enough to remember cross-legged in front of the TV watching Comaneci as she scored the perfect 10.0 performance—the first in the history of the games. (Yes, I tried out the pigtails. And yes, there may have been a poster hanging on my bedroom wall for a bit. And yet, I couldn’t even nail a cartwheel.) Fast-forward several decades and here are few tips I picked up from the leaders at the latest PMI Virtual Experience Series: “Going the Distance: Forging Our Path Forward.

It’s about progress, not perfection—even for Comaneci. “Having a good base is very important. Everyone wants to tumble and do those difficult skills, but if you jump from point A to Y, you won’t be able to progress in the right way and you’ll have holes you’ll have to cover.”

And those skills she applied in sports—planning, discipline, flexibility—help in life, too, Comaneci said. For the five-time Olympic gold medalist, preparation is just part of the process. “Gymnastics is not a sport you learn in a month, it takes you years to put all of it together,” she said.

For Hernandez, it comes down to zooming in and zooming out to see the big picture. “It’s about making sure you’re focusing on the details, but also not letting that stop you from moving forward,” she said.

The 20-year-old gymnast knows all about refining details—and persevering. Hernandez competed as a member of the U.S. women’s gymnastics team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, scoring gold in the team event and silver on the balance beam. The rising star was set to make her comeback at the 2020 Tokyo Games—which then had to be rescheduled because of the global pandemic.

It was a tough decision for Dubi and his team: “You’ve made so much effort and you’re so close, but you have to make that call.” The two biggest tasks: recognizing the disappointment and keeping athletes and stakeholders informed.

“There was very little resistance to the decision, actually, because everyone understood the situation,” he said. “People were confined, they had friends with the virus, they were reading about shutdowns in the news. And we had overwhelming support from partner organizations.”

So the project—number 7 on PMI’s 2020 list of Most Influential Projects—continued on, with Dubi keeping the team focused on the essential moving parts, while uniting them around a common goal.

“If you can mobilize energies around the greater good, you can make sure everyone understands the role to be played,” he said. “It’s about what you can create with positive energy, when you can embrace the diverse energy. In the end it’s all hands on deck.” 

While the games have been bumped to 2021, Dubi is looking ahead to what they’ll bring to Tokyo in the future: “The very first question we ask is: What is the legacy plan? Every public investment that goes into it has to be meaningful, not just for the games themselves, but afterward.”

The decision was a bold one—and part of being a leader is having the courage to stick the landing. “When you want to invent something no one has seen before, you get criticism,” said Olympic historian and graphic artist Markus Osterwalder. “When people get something they don’t know, they reject it at first. They need time to get used to it.”

It’s no doubt been a strange and ferociously challenging year, but leaders can’t be complacent.

“The future of work is not five to 10 years out, it’s here now,” said Alison Bakken, of Thomson Reuters. “Leaders need to actually model the behavior they want to see and create an environment that’s trusting and open and where people can grow and develop.”

X0PA AI founder Nina Alag Suri agreed that the new work-from-anywhere mentality is here to stay. And that will put the focus on power skills like self-discipline, time management and collaboration.

If you missed out on the action or you want to check out some #ExperiencePMI moments again, you can find virtual experience content from the full series on demand, now through 31 January.

What do you think? Are you ready to go for the gold in 2021?

by Yasmina Khelifi, PMI-ACP, PMI-PBA, PMP

The unforeseen chaos of COVID-19 has changed the way we work, the way we live—and the way we lead. Here are three ways I’ve reinvented my leadership style in such uncertainty:

1. Increased empathy

I’ve worked in a virtual global environment for the past 20 years. Still, this crisis helped me sharpen my skills and I’ve also become a more empathetic leader. 

I’m more understanding as project delays arise. I’m more accepting of small mistakes made by my team in haste. And I’m conditioned to push through work challenges that are outside of my control, like the internet connectivity issues of teammates abroad. I’ve also noticed I’m more sensitive to my tone of voice when I communicate information to remote team members.

2. More thoughtful self-discovery

The external crisis forced me to focus on some questions that may sound philosophical, but chart a path forward:

• What is essential?
• What is meaningful?
• What impact do you want to leave?

It takes time and courage to begin the journey of self-introspection but it’s rewarding. Have you made your leadership self-diagnosis? Try repurposing an agile retrospective tool:

It’s time to take stock. Unlearning habits isn’t so easy, but taking actions now will impact tomorrow.

3. An expanded professional network

The instability of the existing job market reinforces the need to expand your network. For instance, I enrolled in an international professional community to develop marketing skills. I have the opportunity to meet coaches, HR managers, speakers and writers I’m not usually exposed to. I’m optimistic that it will open my eyes to a new learning world.

In what ways have you changed as a leader this year?

by Ramiro Rodrigues

        The baseline is a fundamental concept that still seems confusing for many project professionals. In essence, the baseline comprises initial reference data captured prior to the start of a project. This information allows the team to compare the status before and after a project to determine its impact.

        Imagine you’re at a software development company and your senior leader has put you on a project to develop a system with 10 different but integrated features. You begin by trying to detail the scope, deadline, costs, risks and all other details you believe to be relevant. Once you’ve collected that information, you’ve reached the end of the planning stage

        That’s the moment when the baseline is saved. With this snapshot of information, you know exactly where the project should be at any given moment in its execution. Right after that—when the project execution begins—you start to draw an actual line, which collects and displays data of what’s happening in real time.

        In our example, imagine you were asked to change the planned programming language to something unfamiliar to the team, therefore changing many of the product’s features. In this scenario, our scope’s “actual line,” resources and risks will be quite different from the “baseline” that had not foreseen this change.

        So, what should the project manager do? It wouldn’t be very smart to resist all changes that come up during execution—these types of shifts can be quite normal in projects. In these cases, the best thing to do is to start the planning process over and move forward. Still, the baseline will continue to serve a purpose in helping leaders identify gaps and finding the amount of effort necessary to reach project completion.

         By project conclusion, another great benefit of this resource emerges: You can compare, with consistent data, the planned results versus actual results. Moreover, a comparative review of the baseline could expose weaknesses in leadership or organization. Indeed, baselines help teams capture valuable information for lessons learned and improvements that can be applied on future projects.

         How do you use baselines on your projects?

by Lynda Bourne

The world of business is moving toward storing and exchanging documentation in electronic formats—and the transition is swift. While this process has its advantages, my team and I have been working on a major report based on a data set of more than 250,000 records, and the project has highlighted some problems. Namely, as it becomes easier to preserve every iteration of a document, finding useful information becomes harder.

There are two basic types of document storage and retrieval systems with a couple of nuances:

1. Systems that rely on taglines or document characteristics for sorting and searching (e.g. document titles, taglines in emails, dates, authors, senders, receivers, etc.)
2. Systems that allow the full content of most document types to be searched (think Google)

If your organization isn’t using one or more of these systems, it soon will be!  You’ll probably find that they solve many problems typically found in paper-based systems, but they also introduce a new suite of issues. Here are some of ways in which these systems fall short—and ways to overcome these challenges:

Establishing one source of the truth. As people become more used to the system, they begin to rely on it. And if something isn’t uploaded, stored or created in the tool, it ceases to exist. You cannot rely on people remembering to do the right thing, and if someone is doing something unethical, they will try to evade the system. The solution lies in system design and automation. Discipline and processes are needed to make sure a document retrieval system contains all of the documents.

Creating one document, one record. Send an email to 10 other people in the organization and you immediately have 11 versions of the one document scattered across various email accounts. (And this is before “reply all” and email trails start to build.) Your document management system needs to be smart enough to recognize identical versions of the same document and archive the 10 copies. However, when someone changes the email (maybe by forwarding it), you have a new document, and the process gets more complex if there are attachments. Here, the solution is a system that can manage families of documents.

Finding what you need—easily. This is the biggest challenge with massive archives of documents (and was central to our work over the last few months). How do you find information?  A search based on document contents may seem like the best option, but if you Google “PMI PMP exam change,” you get 891,000 results. And it’s Google’s systems that decide which of the pages it will show you and the sort order. That means if you’re looking for something specific, you may have to dig through a sea of hyperlinks and page titles. This gets even more difficult if you want to check if something did not get documented. A null-result may mean the alleged document does not exist—or it may mean your search terms are slightly ambiguous.

Developing systems that balance providing information that you need against burying you under masses of content requires the wisdom of Solomon. Artificial intelligence can help if the search is routine, but for an important ad hoc search you are probably on your own. One way to help focus searches is by structuring the information, using folders or codes. The problems are minimizing misplaced information and persuading everyone to use the system. Again, system design is central to developing processes that work.

The concept of a paperless project has been around for a while now and electronic document management systems are becoming increasingly common. The challenge that remains is scaling this concept up to the enterprise level and developing tools that can quickly provide you with the information you need from a pool of several million documents. 

What do you do to store documents and facilitate the ease of information access?