Ethics Bistro

“Fairness is not an attitude. It's a professional skill that must be developed and exercised – Brit Hume”

In the dynamic world of project management, maintaining fairness and avoiding favoritism and prejudice are crucial for fostering a productive and harmonious work environment. These ethical challenges can significantly impact team morale, project outcomes, and the overall success of an organization. Let’s delve into how fairness, favoritism, and prejudice play out in project management and explore strategies to address these issues effectively.

1. The Importance of Fairness

• Impartial Decision-Making: Fairness in project management involves making decisions impartially and objectively. This means evaluating team members based on their skills, performance, and contributions rather than personal biases or relationships.
• Equal Opportunities: Providing equal opportunities for all team members to participate, contribute, and grow is essential. This includes fair distribution of tasks, recognition, and rewards.

2. The Detrimental Effects of Favoritism

• Resentment and Demotivation: Favoritism can lead to resentment among team members who feel overlooked or undervalued. This can result in decreased motivation and productivity.
• Unbalanced Workload: When certain individuals are favored, it can lead to an unbalanced workload, where some team members are overburdened while others have less to do. This imbalance can affect the overall efficiency of the project.

3. Addressing Prejudice in the Workplace

• Awareness and Training: Raising awareness about unconscious biases and providing training on diversity and inclusion can help mitigate prejudice. This ensures that all team members are treated with respect and fairness.
• Inclusive Culture: Promoting an inclusive culture where diverse perspectives are valued and encouraged can help reduce prejudice. This involves actively listening to and considering the viewpoints of all team members.

4. Strategies for Promoting Fairness

• Transparent Processes: Implementing transparent processes for decision-making, task allocation, and performance evaluation can help ensure fairness. Clear criteria and open communication are key to maintaining transparency.
• Regular Feedback: Providing regular and constructive feedback helps team members understand their strengths and areas for improvement. This fosters a culture of continuous learning and development.

5. Creating a Positive Work Environment

• Recognition and Appreciation: Recognizing and appreciating the efforts and achievements of all team members fosters a positive work environment. This helps build trust and encourages everyone to contribute their best.
• Conflict Resolution: Addressing conflicts promptly and fairly is crucial. Ensuring that all parties are heard and that resolutions are based on facts rather than biases helps maintain a harmonious team dynamic.

Conclusion

Fairness, favoritism, and prejudice are critical issues in project management that can significantly impact team dynamics and project success. By promoting fairness, addressing favoritism, and mitigating prejudice, project managers can create a more inclusive, productive, and positive work environment. This not only enhances team morale but also drives better project outcomes.

Question:

What are your experiences with fairness, favoritism, and prejudice in project management? How have you addressed these challenges in your projects? Share your thoughts and insights!

During the 21st century, video games have evolved from simple entertainment into complex works of interactive art, capable of telling deep stories and reflecting social realities. With this evolution has come a growing concern for ethics in video game development. Applying the Project Management Institute (PMI) Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to this context, we can better understand how ethical principles shape the industry.

Honesty: Transparent and Truthful Communication

The PMI Code of Ethics emphasizes the importance of honesty. In video game development, this principle translates to transparent and truthful communication with players. For instance, the controversy surrounding microtransactions and loot boxes often stems from a lack of transparency. Games like "Star Wars: Battlefront II" faced significant backlash for their monetization strategies, perceived as exploitative due to hidden costs and undisclosed odds.

Developers can align with the PMI's emphasis on honesty by clearly communicating the probabilities of in-game purchases and ensuring that players understand what they are buying. Riot Games, the company behind "League of Legends", has set a positive example by implementing policies to inform players about the odds of obtaining certain items through loot boxes, working towards a fairer and more transparent monetization system.

Responsibility: Ensuring Quality and Accountability

The PMI Code of Ethics stresses the importance of responsibility, which in game development means ensuring the quality of the product and being accountable for the outcomes. This principle is crucial when considering the labor practices within the industry. The notorious crunch periods, where developers work excessive hours to meet release deadlines, often result in subpar game releases and burnout among employees.

For example, CD Projekt Red, developers of "Cyberpunk 2077", faced criticism for its labor practices and the game's troubled launch filled with technical issues. Conversely, Insomniac Games has been recognized for its commitment to avoiding crunch, promoting a healthy work-life balance, and ultimately delivering high-quality games. By prioritizing responsible development practices, companies can ensure better outcomes for both their employees and their products.

Respect: Valuing Diversity and Inclusion

Respect is another cornerstone of the PMI Code of Ethics. In the context of video game development, this means valuing diversity and inclusion both within the game content and the development teams. Games like "Grand Theft Auto" have been criticized for perpetuating negative stereotypes, while titles like "The Last of Us Part II" have been praised for their diverse and complex representation of LGBTQ+ characters.

Respecting diversity involves creating inclusive game content that reflects a wide range of experiences and perspectives. It also means fostering an inclusive workplace where diverse voices are heard and valued. This approach not only enhances the cultural richness of the games but also educates and sensitizes players to different realities, promoting empathy and understanding.

Fairness: Equitable Practices and Decision-Making

Fairness, a key value in the PMI Code of Ethics, involves making decisions impartially and equitably. In the gaming industry, this principle can be applied to both the treatment of employees and the design of game mechanics. Ensuring fair labor practices means providing equitable working conditions and opportunities for all employees, avoiding discriminatory practices, and fostering a supportive work environment.

Fairness also applies to how games are designed and marketed. Developers should strive to create game mechanics that do not exploit players, particularly vulnerable groups such as minors. This includes reevaluating monetization strategies to ensure they are not predatory and that players are treated fairly.

Reflecting on the Future

Applying the PMI Code of Ethics to video game development underscores the importance of honesty, responsibility, respect, and fairness in shaping a positive and sustainable industry. By adhering to these ethical principles, developers can create inclusive and high-quality games, maintain a healthy and supportive work environment, and build trust with their player communities.

What do you think are the most important ethical practices that video game developers should follow to improve both player experience and employee well-being? What ethical concerns do you believe the gaming industry should address next?

I would like to hear from you all on your thoughts around it.

References

Link to PMI’s Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct: https://www.pmi.org/about/ethics/code
Link to PMI’s Blog on Ethics “Ethics Bistro”: https://www.projectmanagement.com/blogs/365304/ethics-bistro
Link to PMI’s YouTube videos: https://www.youtube.com/@pmi
Link to “Cyberpunk 2077” article: https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/12/15/controversies-cyberpunk-2077s-bungled-launch-explained/
Link to "The Last of Us Part II" article: https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/last-us-part-ii-brings-queer-stories-pandemic-ravaged-dystopia-n1233073

Project Management Institute (PMI) volunteers are the lifeblood of the organization. Their dedication, expertise, and passion contribute significantly to advancing the project management profession. However, with such responsibility comes the critical need for ethical conduct. The PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct serves as a cornerstone framework that PMI volunteers should actively champion.

• Ensuring Trust and Enhancing Credibility

The PMI Code of Ethics transcends mere guidelines; it's a resolute commitment to upholding the highest professional standards. By adhering to the core principles of responsibility, respect, fairness, and honesty, PMI volunteers foster a culture of trust within the project management community, both at the chapter and global level. This translates to a more credible and respected profession, ultimately benefiting all stakeholders.

• Ethical Navigation: A Framework for Decision-Making

The complexities inherent in project management can present situations where ethical boundaries become unclear. The code provides PMI volunteers with a clear roadmap for navigating these challenges. Whether facing pressure to compromise quality or navigating conflicts of interest, the code equips volunteers with the framework necessary to make sound, ethical decisions.

• Leading by Example: Setting the Standard

PMI volunteers often serve as mentors and role models for emerging professionals in the project management community. By demonstrating ethical leadership and sharing their experiences with ethical decision-making, volunteers help shape the next generation of project managers, instilling in them the importance of integrity and ethics in their careers.

• Beyond Compliance: Striving for Excellence

The PMI Code of Ethics extends beyond mere adherence to established rules. It encourages volunteers to strive for excellence and continuous improvement. By upholding the aspirational standards outlined in the code, volunteers contribute to the overall advancement and development of the project management profession.

• A Foundation for Success

PMI volunteers play a pivotal role in shaping the future of project management. Their active embrace and promotion of the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct ensure a strong foundation built on trust, respect, and ethical decision-making. This, in turn, benefits not only the profession itself, but also the countless projects and stakeholders that rely on skilled and ethical project managers.

What are your thoughts on the importance of PMI's Code of Ethics for volunteers? Share your insights in the comments below!

PMI currently upholds a Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct grounded in four core values expected from every project professional and aspiring project professional. Over recent years, there has been a notable transition from the waterfall approach to Agile in project delivery.

This article is the first of series of articles that will explore how embracing PMI values can enhance project managers “Power Skills”, ultimately boosting the certainty of project delivery in an agile environment.

As a reference the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct values are Respect, Responsibility, Fairness and Honesty. In this article we will focus on the value of Respect.

“Respect is our duty to show a high regard for ourselves, others, and the resources entrusted to us. Resources entrusted to us may include people, money, reputation, the safety of others, and natural or environmental resources. An environment of respect engenders trust, confidence, and performance excellence by fostering cooperation—an environment where diverse perspectives and views are encouraged and valued.” https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/ethics/code-values-card.pdf?rev=44578e34774241568ce0034489794fe4&sc_lang_temp=en

PMI defines Power Skills as Human Skills such as “Communication, leadership, collaboration, empathy… these are some of the power skills that help to build strong teams and successful businesses” https://www.pmi.org/learning/publications/pm-network/digital-exclusives/power-skills-are-human-skills . Delving deeper into acquiring and mastering these skills reveals the importance of embracing the value of Respect.

How does Respect relate to Agile? Let's examine the Agile Manifesto's values and principles.

Values

• Individuals and Interactions over process and Tools
• Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

Principles

• Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project
• Build projects around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need and trust them to get the job done.
• The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation.
• Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely.
• The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams.
• At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behaviour accordingly.

What we observe is that only half of the values and principles are listed, and this half pertains to interactions and relationships among humans, including team members and stakeholders. Respect serves as the foundational ingredient necessary for effectively adhering to these principles and values.  Without mutual respect, meaningful interactions and collaborations cannot occur. If individuals do not treat each other with respect, interactions and relationships will suffer. This lack of respect will weaken the relationship between the business and developers, hindering their ability to work and collaborate effectively.

In Agile, constant information sharing is crucial for successful delivery. Respect ensures the effectiveness of ceremonies such as daily sprints and retrospectives. For instance, if respect is absent during retrospectives, the team's ability to reflect and improve on practices diminishes, leading to poor outcomes.

We've all observed daily sprint meetings exceeding the prescribed 15 minutes due to team members discussing unrelated matters. Respecting team members' work-life balance is an example of fostering sustainable development pace. Respecting everyone's time during daily sprint meetings and adhering to prescribed guidelines fosters an environment conducive to sustainable development. Failure to do so disrupts team dynamics and impedes progress.

These examples underscore the importance of Respect as a core value for Project Professionals. It is a fundamental ingredient in acquiring and mastering Power Skills, particularly relevant in Agile environments where effective collaboration is paramount.

I invite further discussion on this topic within the forum and encourage you to stay tuned for my next article.

Running into her friend and colleague Samir, Lisa said “I’m glad I saw you -- I wanted to get your thoughts on something that happened in a meeting this week. I’m not sure what I should do.”

“What do you mean?” replied Samir.

“Well, the other day we had a program meeting of all the PMs assigned to the new restructuring program to talk about stakeholder engagement. In the discussion, I mentioned that the PMBOK is a great guide to best practices in this domain. One of the PMs, new to our organization, asked what I was referring to – hard to believe, but she didn’t know about the PMBOK and only slightly knew about PMI. I suggested she think about joining PMI, and by way of proof I added that, as a member of PMI, I had a PDF download of the PMBOK and showed her the Stakeholder Engagement Domain section on my laptop. She was very interested and asked me to send her a copy of the PDF. When I explained that I could not do that because it would be a violation of the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct, she was visibly annoyed. To my surprise, another PM in the room then said he thought it wasn’t a big deal and sent her a copy of his right there in the meeting!”

“Wow, that’s not good at all, he really shouldn’t have done that!” said Samir. “What are you going to do?”

“I think I need to say something to someone about it, but I’m not sure who. Clearly, he doesn’t care that it’s a Code violation, so there’s no point in talking about it with him, but it would be wrong to just look the other way, right?”

“Absolutely!” exclaimed Samir. “I think you need to report this to PMI. Let’s check the website to see what to do.”

Lisa got out her phone and went to pmi.org. In the search bar, she entered “Ethics” and then scrolled down among the choices. Six or seven entries down, she clicked on “Ethics Complaints” where she found two links that looked helpful. For guidance on how to handle the situation, she saw that she could send an email to [email protected]. If she was pretty sure that further action was needed, then she could click the link to “File an Ethics Complaint.”

“This is great, thanks for the help!” said Lisa excitedly. “I can get some advice, and now I know where to go to report it if I decide that’s what I should do.”

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

How about you? Have you ever observed unethical behavior by another PM? What did you decide to do, and why? Would your reaction be different depending on the severity of the ethical breach? Would you have had any different advice for Lisa? Comments and feedback welcome!